《祖堂集》比较句研究

【作者】 马希；

【导师】 李先耕；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以《祖堂集》中的“於”字句、“比”字句、“如”字句等比较句式为主要研究对象,运用形式与意义相结合的方法,对其结构和功能进行了详尽地考察。我们认为:近代汉语前期,“(X)W於Y”结构由于“於”字用法复杂,而容易产生歧义。而该结构中“於”字缺失现象与形比句的自身历程有关;“(X)W如Y”式此时表示平比或比喻,但到了宋元时开始可以表示差比;“不如”句(无论W项是否被省略)总是体现积极的语义特征。另外,我们还提出了以比较标志词及比较对象是否属于同类事物为主要标准的区别比较句、比喻句的方法。总之,本文揭示了近代汉语前期比较句的全貌,有助于推进对其历史演变规律及其动因的进一步研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The author of this thesis has used the combination analysis of meaning and formation to study the structure and function of“yu”(“於”)-sentence,“bi”(“比”)-sentence, and“ru”(“如”)-sentence very detailed in“Zu Tang Ji”. We believed that in the early age of modern Chinese Language, because of the complexity of the usage of“yu”(“於”) in“(X)W‘yu’Y”sentence , the interruptions were easily occurred. The fact of the absence of“yu”(“於”) in this structure is related to the evaluation of the“xing bi”sentence.“(X)W‘ru (如)’Y”structure here meant pin bi or figure of speech. But in the age of Song and Yuan,“(X)W‘ru (如)’Y”structure could mean cha bi.“bu ru (不如)”sentence (whether W is omitted) always presented the positive language features. Also we have suggested the method to distingue the comparative sentence and figure of speech sentence by judging if comparative key words and comparative object belong to the same category of object. This thesis gives a whole picture of the comparative sentence of the early age of modern Chinese Language. It may contribute in further study of the laws and cases of its historical development.更多还原