【作者】 柴文琼；

【导师】 罗玉柱；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 动物遗传育种与繁殖， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以864只河西绒山羊、223只柴达木绒山羊和633只陇东绒山羊（共计1720只）为研究对象，采用PCR-SSCP和克隆测序技术分析3个山羊群体DQA1基因第2外显子的多态性和遗传特征，并进行河西绒山羊流产关联性分析。主要研究结果如下：（1）在3个山羊群体中共发现9个DQA1等位基因，其中等位基因GoLA-DQA1*B、GoLA-DQA1*E和GoLA-DQA1*H为本研究新发现。9个等位基因均存在于河西绒山羊和陇东绒山羊中，但柴达木绒山羊中未检测到等位基因GoLA-DQA1*F、GoLA-DQA1*H。（2）9个等位基因中发现42个核苷酸变异位点和23个氨基酸多态位点。河西绒山羊GG、CC、DD为优势基因型，G为优势等位基因；柴达木绒山羊DG、DE和D为优势基因型和优势等位基因；陇东绒山羊DD和D为优势基因型和优势等位基因。遗传结构分析表明3个山羊群体具有丰富的遗传多样性，且都处于Hardy-Weinberg不平衡状态。（3）经SPSS分析表明，河西绒山羊不同表型间的等位基因差异显著（P<0.05），流产组中等位基因GoLA-DQA1*A的频率高于正常组（P<0.05），等位基因GoLA-DQA1*H的频率低于正常组（P<0.01）。其余各等位基因频率的分布无差异（P>0.05）。等位基因GoLA-DQA1*A可能与流产的易感性相关，GoLA-DQA1*H可能与流产抗性有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the view of studying polymorphism of DQA1gene exon2in864HexiCashmere goat、223Chaidamu Cashmere goat and633Longdong Cashmere goat(1720in total)and the association of alleles with pregnancy in Hexi Cashmere Goat,using PCR-SSCP technology and by cloning and sequencing. We got the followingconclusions:(1) There were9DQA1alleles were obtained, GoLA-DQA1*B、GoLA-DQA1*E and GoLA-DQA1*H were new DQA1alleles in this study. AlleleGoLA-DQA1*F and GoLA-DQA1*H were not found in Chaidamu Cashmere goat.(2)Sequence analysis indicated that there were42single nucleotide polymorphism sites,and23amino acid polymorphism sites were found; there were observed19genotypes,GG、CC、DD is advantage genotype in Hexi Cashmere goat, G is advantage alleles;DG、DE is advantage genotype in Chaidamu Cashmere goat, D is advantage alleles;DD is advantage genotype in Longdong Cashmere goat, D is advantage alleles.(3)The univariategeneral linear model analysis showed significant statistic differencebetween different alleles (P<0.05). Frequencies of GoLA-DQA1*A were higher thanthose in normal group (P<0.01); in contrast, GoLA-DQA1*Hallelic frequencies inabortion group were lower than those in normal group (P<0.05). The result suggestedthat the alleles GoLA-DQA1*A might associated with abortion and GoLA-DQA1*Hmight related to pregnancy protection in Hexi Cashmere Goat.更多还原