【作者】 何杰；

【导师】 曾千春； 丁元明；

【作者基本信息】 云南农业大学 ， 生物化学与分子生物学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 吸烟与健康问题一直受到广泛关注，吸烟与日益蔓延全球的死亡和疾病流行高度相关。目前，已有不少国家对烟草中微量元素和重金属元素的检测及相关领域展开研究。建立统一、快速、准确的烟草中微量元素和重金属检测方法，是我国烟草行业亟待解决的重要研究之一。本研究采用HNO₃-H2O₂密闭消解体系，微波消解前处理样品、电感耦合等离子体直角加速飞行时间质谱法（ICP-oaTOF-MS），同时测定烟叶和卷烟中微量元素和重金属。测定了50份烟叶中（国内21份、国外29份）锗（Ge）、硒（Se）、锰（Mn）、锌（Zn）和铁（Fe）等5种微量元素和砷（As）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）、铅（Pb）、铜（Cu）、铬（Cr）和镍（Ni）等7种重金属元素含量。同时测定了17份进出口卷烟中（出口8份、进口9份）锌（Zn）、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）和硼（B）等4种微量元素和铜（Cu）、铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、镍（Ni）、铬（Cr）和砷（As）等6种重金属元素的含量。对称样量、微波消解及质谱检测参数、同位素及内标、方法准确性及可行性进行了研究，确定了实验的最佳条件。分析了上述国内外烟叶中12种元素、进出口卷烟中10种元素。结果表明，利用微波消解前处理样品、电感耦合等离子体直角加速飞行时间质谱法能同时测定烟草及烟草制品中多种元素，采用国家标准物质验证了该方法的准确度、精密度，对回收率、标准曲线及检测限、重现性及稳定性等。本方法适合对浓度低至ng/L级超痕量组分的检测，具有简便快速、准确、精密度高（0.396%）、标准曲线的相关系数高（0.9999）、检测限低（0.083μg/L）、回收率高（108.52%）、重现性及稳定性好（3天内RSD0.15%～5.576%）等优点，可用于烟叶重金属的检测及质量控制，对于判断烟株的丰缺情况、鉴别和判断烟叶制品的品质具有一定的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Smoking and health has always been greatly concerned about, the use of tobacco has great telations withdeath and prevalence of diseases. Some countries have carried out studies on trace elements and heavy metalsin tobacco plant. Nowadays, the creation of standard, fast, and accurate methods for determining traceelements and heavy metals in tobacco is one of the imperatine research subjects of the tobacco industry.In this thesis, the methods for digested thoroughly in a closed-vessel microwave digestion system with nitricacid and hydrogen peroxide with trace elements and heavy metals in tobacco, using time of acceleration flightinductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-oaTOF-MS) determination of trace elements and heavymetals. The simultaneousness determination methods for5trace elements(Ge, Se, Mn, Zn, Fe)and7elements(As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni)with21species domestic tobacco and29species foreign tobacco arestudies. Then, has tudies in determination of metal ten elements (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, As, B)in the8species domestic tobacco and9species foreign tobacco import and export of cigarettes. Factors affecting thedetermination are analyzed in detail, such as sampling quantity, digestion solvent, MS detection parametersmeasurement isotopes for tested elements, recovery and precision tests of the method. The optimum conditionsfor the determination were tested and discussed. Then, analysis level of elements content in domestic orforeign tobacco for twelve elements, import and export of cigarettes for ten elements.The results show that, by using closed-vessel microwave digested and ICP-oaTOF-MS method for thedetermination of tobacco and cigarettes in trace elements and heavy metals. The nation standard matter wasused to confirm the accuracy, the precision and recovery, calibration curve, repeatability of test resultsanalysis, and the sensitivity detection limit of the metod. Compared with other methods, this method is asimple fast and accurate high sensitivity(0.396%), high calibration curve(0.9999), lower limit ofdetection(0.083μg/L), high recovery(108.52%), better of repeatability of test result analysis(three days,RSD0.15%-5.576%). Especially for some low concentration of ng/L of the components of the level of tracedetection, However, the abundance sensitivity, high-quality end of the worse. So that it can be used in the traceelements and heavy metals detection and quality control for tobacoo.更多还原