【作者】 张文斐；

【导师】 姜秋霞；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2011， 硕士

【副题名】以许渊冲的英译本为例

【摘要】 诗歌是语言的精华,是凝练的智慧。作为文学翻译的最高形式,诗歌翻译吸引了众多国内外的译者。作为一名颇有建树的翻译家和翻译理论家,许渊冲是众多译者中最具影响力的一位。他通过大量的翻译实践尤其在诗歌方面,不断总结前人经验,建立了一套独具特色的翻译理论体系。美国著名翻译理论家尤金·奈达在1964年出版的《翻译的科学探索》中提出了“动态对等翻译理论”。“翻译就是翻意”,即是说,译文不仅在词汇意义方面,更要在原作文体风格方面准确传达原作的意义,使译文读者能够获得与原作读者相同的感受。在中国,刘宓庆在《新编当代翻译理论》中明确提出动态意义观这一概念,指出意义源于译者与原作及原作者之间的交流。他强调译文不必拘泥于原文的意义,译作具有相对于原作的独立性,译者应充分发挥创造性,在翻译过程中达到译文在言内意义(字、词、句、篇、章)与言外意义(社会文化等)的动态对等,从而实现译作意义与原作意义上的动态对等。许氏反对传统翻译中以原文为中心,忠实与对等的标准。指出诗歌翻译中原诗的意义具有开放性,需要译者发挥创造性作用对其进行诠释,这一思想可以说从某种程度上许氏的翻译观体现了动态的意义观。本研究共分为六部分。第一章为引言部分,主要简述本研究的研究背景,意义及论文的整体框架。第二章为文献综述,主要回顾了国内外对诗歌翻译及相关理论的发展和一些学者对许渊冲的研究。第三章为理论框架,包括对动态意义观的简介及动态意义观下译者创造性等方面的介绍。第四章为研究设计,包括研究问题,研究客体及研究方法。第五章为本文的具体研究过程。本研究从动态意义观出发,较为详细地分析了许渊冲对中国古诗的翻译,并对其所采用的不同策略进行了全面解释并分析了原因。第六章为结论部分。动态意义观与为唯原文句式是从的传统翻译形成了鲜明的对比,因此为翻译研究尤其是诗歌翻译提供了新的策略研究视角。本文以动态意义观为理论框架,选取许渊冲的英译本为主要研究译本,并选取有代表性的若干其他译者的译本,从动态意义观的视角对译本中所采用的翻译策略及原因进行客观分析,并将许氏译本与其他译本进行比较,研究出许氏译本较之其他译本能更好的传达出原文的隐含之意,体现出动态意义观的思想。得出结论,在翻译充满意象的诗句时,译者可采用异化策略,而在翻译一些含有隐含之意或承载一定文化信息的诗句时,译者可采用归化策略。在翻译过程中,通过语言层面和非语言层面可较为准确地理解和传达出相对稳定的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Poetry is the soul of the language. As the highest form of literary translation, it attracts the interests of the translators both at home and abroad. As an established translator and translation theorist, Xu Yuanchong is definitely the most influential one. Moreover, his years of exploration in translation especially in poetry translation has given birth to many distinctive translation thoughts which later developed into his own theoretical system of poetry translation.Eugene A. Nida put forward“dynamic equivalence”in“Toward a Science of Translating”published in 1964. It refers to the equivalence between two relations. One is the relation between the source language and the original receptors and the other is the relation between the target language and the target receptors.“Translation means translating meaning.”That is to say, the translated work should not only translate the surface meaning but also interpret the deep meaning of the original work. In China, Liu Miqing put forward dynamic meanings. He suggested that the meaning comes from language context and non-language context and emphasized that the translator should try to show his creative ability. Therefore, we can reach dynamic equivalence between SL and TL. The study of dynamic meanings opens up a new perspective to translation studies and provides a theoretical basis for translation which is against the loyalty principle.As Xu always points out that“faithfulness”or“equivalence”should not be seen as the traditional translation criterion, it is a process of seeking inner meanings on the part of the translator. Thus the freedom of the translator’s creativity has to be encouraged. In some way, Xu’s viewpoints on poetry translation are closely related to dynamic meanings’emphasis on dynamic equivalence and tranlator’s creativity. This thesis is divided into six parts. Chapter one introduces the research background, the purpose and significance and the thesis structure of the research. Chapter two is the literature review including the study of poetry translation at home and abroad and the research on Xu Yuanchong’s poetry translation. Chapter three is the theoretical framework. Chapter four is the research design including research questions, research object and research methodology. Chapter five is the main part of the research and the translation strategies of Chinese ancient poetry from the perspective of dynamic meanings based on Xu Yuanchong’s versions will be discussed. The last part is the conclusion.In view of this, based on dynamic meanings, the author will choose Xu’versions and some other translators’typical versions, trying to study the translation strategies adopted in translations and analyse the reasons for the employment of the translation strategies. By comparing Xu’s versions and other translators’ versions, the author will come to a conclusion that Xu’s versions interpret the original meanings better and the dynamic meaning has a guiding role in the process of choosing translation strategies. In conclusion, when translating some sentences full of images, the strategy of foreignization may be adopted and when translating some sentences including implied meanings and cultural information, the strategy of domestication may be adopted. In translation, the translator needs to take language context and non-language context into consideration, thus the relative determinacy of meanings will come into being.更多还原