【作者】 张建忠；

【导师】 张恩强；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 采矿工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 煤层群层间、厚煤层分层间，一般采用下行式开采，但在一些特殊情况下采用上行开采式开采则可能会收到更好的效果。何家塔煤矿有三层可采煤层，从上到下依次为3-1煤、4-2煤和5-2煤，其中3-1煤和4-2煤属薄煤层，5-2煤为厚煤层。如果采用传统的下行开采，即按3-1煤→4-2煤→5-2煤顺序开采，初期开采为薄煤层，产量低、效率低、效益差。相反，如果采用上行开采，即先开采5-2煤、再开采3-1煤、4-2煤，初期产量大、效率高、效益好，有利于矿井的发展。本文就何家塔煤矿上行开采的可行性进行了研究。通过相似模拟实验研究，5-2煤开采后出现三带，冒落带高度为18m，裂隙带高度54m，4-2煤处在5-2煤开采后的弯曲下沉带内，受5-2煤的采动影响较小。通过数值模拟研究，5-2煤开采后在4-2煤底板处应力和位移变化不大，最大应力为0.25MPa小于底板岩层的抗拉强度2MPa；工作面沿垂直方向最大下沉值0.09m；塑性区没有演化到4-2煤。5-2煤的开采不影响上部4-2、3-1煤的正常开采，上行开采可行。理论分析得出，冒落带高度为11.26m，裂隙带高度55m，上行开采必要的围岩平衡高度为42.5m，而4-2煤与5-2煤之间最小层间距为93.7m，说明5-2煤开采后4-2煤位于平衡岩层之上，上行开采可行。综合以上分析得到5-2煤开采对上部的4-2、3-1煤影响不大，得出在何家塔煤矿采用上行开采是可行的。为解决类似问题的上行开采提供了参考依据和借鉴。本次上行开采的尝试，不仅丰富了上行开采的理论和实践，同时对于提高何家塔煤矿的煤炭资源回收率有重要的实际价值和现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the group layers of coal seams and the layering thick coal seam, we generally use thedescending coal mining in every coal seam, however, in some special cases adopt ascendmining may receive better results. Hejita coal mine has a three-tier of minable coal seam, thelayer are 3-1,4-2,5-2 from top to bottom, among them, the coal-tier of 3-1, 4-2 are thin coal seamand the 5-2 coal is thick coal seam. If adopt the traditional production method of descendingcoal mining, coal is by 3-1→4-2→5-2 coal mining coal sequence, the initial exploitation of thethin coal seams, low output, low efficiency and poor benefit. Conversely, if adopt the ascendmining. first coal mining 5-2, then mining 3-1 coal ,4-2 coal , initial yield large output, highefficiency and rich benefit, conducive to the development of mine. In this paper, study ascendmining feasibility of Hejita coal mine.Through the simulation experiment research,after 5-2 coal mined appear three zones,thatheight of the caving zone is 18m,Highly fractured zone is 54m, 4-2 coal is in the curvesubsidence zone after 5-2 coal mined,show that 5-2 coal mining have little influence 4-2 coal.Through numerical simulation research, 5-2 after the coal mining in 4-2 coal floor place stressand displacement, the maximum stress little change for 0.25MPa less than floor rock tensilestrength 2Mpa; along the vertical direction mining maximum lowering value 0.09m; theplastic zone is not evolution to 4-2 coal. 5-2 coal mining does not affect the upper 4-2, 3-1 thenormal mining ,conclude that ascending mining feasible. the conclusion of that height of thecaving zone is 11.26m,highly fractured zone is 55m,and ascending mining necessarySurrounding balance height is 42.5m, while the minimum space is 93.7 m between 4-2coal and5-2 coal above surrounding balance,conclude that ascend mining is feasible. The aboveanalysis conclude that the coal-tier 5-2 have little effect to it’s upper coal-tier 3-1 and 4-2 coal,and conclude that the ascend mining is feasible in the Hejita coal mine.The research provided areference for ascend mining and opened up a new way for resolving the similar issues.The attempts of the ascend mining, it’s not only enriches the theory and practice of ascend mining, while have important practical value and practical significance for improving theresource recovery rate in Hejiata coal mines.更多还原