【作者】 杨丽仙；

【导师】 汝应俊； 李发弟；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究采用体外(in-vitro)酶解法,测定了添加纤维素酶对7种类型、27种饲粮的作用效果,并通过体内试验(in-vivo)验证了体外法预测纤维素酶在肉仔鸡饲粮中适宜添加量的准确性。试验1用体外法筛选纤维素酶在肉鸡饲粮中的最佳添加量采用体外法,以玉米-豆粕型基础、玉米-豆粕-麸皮、玉米-豆粕-DDGS、玉米-豆粕-米糠、玉米-豆粕-菜粕、玉米-豆粕-棉粕、玉米-豆粕-杂粕型饲粮为研究对象,测定纤维素酶制剂9个添加水平(0、1000、2000、3000、4000、5000、6000、7000、8000u/kg)对7种类型,共27种饲粮的养分降解率的影响。结果表明:1不添加纤维素酶时,各个饲粮中DM、GE、NDF、HCEL降解率随着饲粮中(麸皮、菜粕、DDGS、棉粕、米糠、杂粕粗纤维)的比例的升高而降低;添加纤维素酶时,各个饲粮中DM、GE、NDF、HCEL降解率随着酶添加量的增加而升高,到一定程度不再升高。2用多元线形回归法建立了各个饲粮中(NDF、HECL、GE)含量(Z)、纤维素酶添加量(X)及(NDF、HECL、GE)降解率(Y)之间的回归关系,用R编程计算出最适宜酶添加量:玉米豆粕基础为3610 ukg;玉米-豆粕-麸皮饲粮为3910 u/kg;玉米-豆粕-菜粕饲粮为3750 u/kg;玉米-豆粕-棉粕饲粮为3090 u/kg;玉米-豆粕-DDGS为3360 u/kg;玉米-豆粕-米糠饲粮为4030 u/kg。各饲粮NDF含量,纤维素酶添加量及NDF降解率的回归方程:玉米豆粕基础型:Y=-0.016X~2+0.009ZX+14.809(R~2=0.427,P=0.248)玉米-豆粕-麸皮型:Y=-0.045Z~2-0.028X~2+0.389X+1.032Z-0.009ZX+8.356(R~2=0.972,P=0.000)玉米-豆粕-DDGS型:Y=0.023Z~2-0.022X~2+0.287X-1.277Z-0.005ZX+31.617(R~2=0.973,P=0.000)玉米-豆粕-菜粕型:Y=-0.052Z~2-0.024X~2+0.264X+0.914Z-0.005ZX+12.548(R~2=0.930,P=0.000)玉米-豆粕-棉粕型:Y=-0.084Z~2-0.032X~2+0.373X+2.856Z-0.007ZX-9.128 (R~2=0.795,P=0.000)玉米-豆粕-米糠型:Y=-0.216Z~2-0.009X~2+0.104X+6.723Z-0.032ZX-37.807(R~2=0.544,P=0.001)试验2用体内法验证纤维素酶在肉鸡不同饲粮中的效果本试验纤维素酶: 6629 u/g,采用单因子完全随机分组试验设计,试验设24个处理,六种饲粮配方:玉米豆粕基础,玉米-豆粕-麸皮,玉米-豆粕-菜粕,玉米-豆粕-米糠,玉米-豆粕-DDGS,玉米-豆粕-棉粕型饲粮,每个饲粮配方4个处理(1个对照组,3个酶添加量水平)。每个处理4个重复,每个重复12只鸡。试验结果为1在玉米豆粕型饲粮中,当纤维素酶添加到3610 u/kg时显著的提高了22-42d的ADFI(P<0.05);添加纤维素酶对1-21d NDF表观消化率有显著影响(P<0.05)。纤维素酶适宜添加量在1805-3610 u/kg之间。2在玉米-豆粕-麸皮饲粮中,当纤维素酶添加到3910 u/kg时改善了1-21d的FCR(P<0.05)。同时提高了1-21d表观消化率(DM、NDF、HECL、GE)及代谢能,纤维素酶添加量对42d回肠末端消化率(GE和NDF)有显著影响(P<0.05)。纤维素酶适宜添加量为3910 u/kg。3在玉米-豆粕-DDGS饲粮中,当纤维素酶添加到3360 u/kg时显著的提高了22-42d的ADFI和BG(P<0.05);3360 u/kg对1-21d DM、NDF、HECL、GE表观消化率及表观代谢能有显著的影响(P<0.05),1680 u/kg只对42d回肠末端消化率有显著影响(P<0.05)。纤维素酶适宜添加量为3360 u/kg。4在玉米-豆粕-棉粕饲粮中,当纤维素酶添加到3090 u/kg时显著的提高了22-42d的BG(P<0.05);3090u/kg对1-21d表观消化率和42d回肠末端消化率(DM、NDF、HECL、GE)及代谢能有显著的影响(P<0.05)。纤维素酶适宜添加量为3090 u/kg。5在玉米-豆粕-米糠饲粮中,纤维素酶添加量对1-21和22-42d的生产性能没有影响(P>0.05);酶对1-21d表观消化率和42d回肠末端DM、NDF、HECL、GE消化率及代谢能没有显著的影响(P>0.05)。纤维素酶适宜添加量在2015-4030 u/kg之间。6在玉米-豆粕-菜粕饲粮中,纤维素酶添加量对1-21和22-42d的生产性能没有影响(P>0.05);3750 u/kg对1-21d DM和GE表观代谢率及代谢能有显著影响(P <0.05),对42日龄回肠末端DM和NDF消化率有显著影响(P <0.05)。纤维素酶适宜添加量为3750 u/kg。结合体外与体内可以确定纤维素酶在玉米-豆粕-麸皮型、玉米-豆粕-DDGS型、玉米-豆粕-棉粕型、玉米-豆粕-菜粕型饲粮中的添加量与体外实验结果相符更多还原

【Abstract】 This study used in-vitro trial measure the effect of the 7 types、27 diets added cellulase, and used in-vivo trial make sure the veracity of the additive amount of cellulase in broiler diets in vitro trial.Trial 1 screen out the best cellulose dose rate in broiler diets by in-vitro trial Using in-vitro trial,with corn/soy based diet, corn/ soy/wheat bran, corn/soy/DDGS, corn/soy/ rapeseed meal, corn/soy/rice bran , corn/soy/cottonseed meal,corn/soy/mixed rapeseed and cottonseed meal for research objects. The in-vitro trial was measured the nutrients degradability of 9 added levels(0、1000、2000、3000、4000、5000、6000、7000、8000u/kg)of the cellulase in the 7 types、27diets. The results showed:1 No add enzyme,the degradability of DM、GE、NDF、HCEL were decreased as the dietary proportions(wheat bran, rapeseed meal, DDGS, cottonseed meal, rice bran , mixed rapeseed and cottonseed meal) were increased;When add cellulase, the degradability of DM、GE、NDF、HCEL were increased as the additive amount of cellulase were increased.2 It was established the regression relationship between (NDF, HECL, GE) content (Z), the additive amount of cellulase (X) and (NDF, HECL, GE) degradation rate (Y) with multiple linear regression. To NDF degradation rate of cellulase in the diet as a result of the evaluation index, Calculating most appropriate amount of enzyme with R program :3610 u/kg on corn/soy based diet, 3910 u/kg on corn/ soy/wheat bran, 3360 u/kg on corn/soy/DDGS, 3750 u/kg on corn/soy/ rapeseed meal, 4030 u/kg on corn/soy/rice bran , 3090 u/kg on corn/soy/cottonseed meal. The regression equation of content of dietary NDF, additive amount of cellulase and NDF degradation rate. corn/soy based diet: Y=-0.016X~2+0.009ZX+14.809(R~2=0.427,P=0.248) corn/ soy/wheatbran: Y=-0.045Z~2-0.028X~2+0.389X+1.032Z-0.009ZX+8.356(R~2=0.972,P=0.000) corn/soy/DDGS:Y=0.023Z~2-0.022X~2+0.287X-1.277Z-0.005ZX+31.617 (R~2=0.973,P=0.000) corn/soy/rapeseed meal: Y=-0.052Z~2-0.024X~2+0.264X+0.914Z-0.005ZX+12.548(R~2=0.930,P=0.000) corn/soy/cottonseed meal: Y=-0.084Z~2-0.032X~2+0.373X+2.856Z-0.007ZX-9.128(R~2=0.795,P=0.000) corn/soy/rice bran:Y=-0.216Z~2-0.009X~2+0.104X+6.723Z-0.032ZX-37.807 (R~2=0.544,P=0.001) Trial 2 Verified the effect of cellulase on the broiler diets by in-vivo trial The enzyme of this trial is cellulase:6629 u/g..Using Single-factor completely randomized experimental design. Trial for 24 treatments, six diet formulations: corn/soy based diet, corn/ soy/wheatbran, corn/soy/DDGS, corn/soy/ rapeseed meal, corn/soy/rice bran , corn/soy/cottonseed meal. Each diet recipe 4 treatment (1 control group, three enzyme levels). Each treatment for 4 replicates of 12 birds. Test results showed:1 In corn/soy based diet, When cellulase was added to 3610 u/kg,cellulase significantly increased ADFI of 22-42d (P<0.05).The cellulase significantly increased apparent digestibility of NDF in 1-21d(P<0.05). The additive appropriate amount of cellulase between the 1805-3610 u / kg2 In corn/soy/wheat bran, When cellulase was added to 3910u/kg,cellulase significantly decreased FCR of 1-21d (P<0.05).It also significantly improved apparent digestibility of (DM、NDF、HECL、GE) in 1-21d. The additive amount of cellulase significantly increased ileal digestibility of GE and ADFI in 42d. The additive appropriate amount of cellulase is 3910 u/kg.3 In corn/soy/DDGS, When cellulase was added to 3360u/kg,cellulase significantly increased ADFI and BG in 22-42d (P<0.05). The 3360u/kg of cellulase significantly increased apparent digestibility of (DM、NDF、HECL、GE) and AME in 1-21d(P<0.05). The 1680u/kg of cellulase significantly increased ileal digestibility(P<0.05). The additive appropriate amount of cellulase is 3360 u/kg..4 In corn/soy/ cottonseed meal, When cellulase was added to 3090u/kg,cellulase significantly increased BG in 22-42d (P<0.05). The 3090u/kg of cellulase significantly increased 1-21d apparent digestibility and 42d ileal digestibility of (DM、NDF、HECL、GE) (P<0.05). The additive appropriate amount of cellulase is 3090 u/kg..5 In corn/soy/ rice bran, The additive amount of Cellulase did not affect the production performance on 1-21 and 22-42d (P>0.05). The additive amount of Cellulase did not affect the 1-21d apparent digestibility and 42d ileal digestibility(P>0.05). The additive appropriate amount of cellulase between 2015-4030 u/kg.6 In corn/soy/ rapeseed meal, he additive amount of Cellulase did not affect the production performance on 1-21 and 22-42d (P>0.05). The 3750u/kg of cellulase significantly increased apparent digestibility of DM and GE in 1-21d(P<0.05) and significantly increased ileal digestibility of DM and NDF42d in (P<0.05) . The additive appropriate amount of cellulase is 3750 u/kg..Combination of in vitro and in vivo trials can determine the cellulase dose rate in corn/soy/wheat bran, corn/soy/DDGS, corn/soy/cottonseed meal, corn/soy/ rapeseed meal matches up to trial result in vitro更多还原