【作者】 涂磊；

【导师】 叶齐政；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 高电压与绝缘技术， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 2008年初全国大面积冰害中,多数变电站发生严重的覆冰故障,造成变电站停运,引发周围地区大面积停电事故。目前变电站除冰防冰技术还不成熟,因此,针对我国变电站设备及这些设备发生覆冰的实际情况,研究安全有效的变电站带电除冰技术,对保证变电站和线路安全运行、加快电网恢复和重建速度具有重要意义。本文主要进行了三个方面的研究工作。在收集整理变电设备覆冰的危害情况和现有各种除冰技术方案的基础上,对比分析了可能应用于变电设备的各种防冰除冰技术,确定了目前可能应用于变电设备防冰害技术路线有:涂料法、机械除冰法和热力除冰法。其中热力除冰法在变电设备除冰防冰中有巨大的应用前景,它包括热风除冰法、热水除冰法和电加热器除冰法。以变电站户外支柱绝缘子除冰为例,分别建立了三种热力除冰法的工程计算模型,通过合理的工程简化近似进行理论计算,初步分析比较三种热力除冰法的除冰效果和经济可行性。在环境气候实验室,进行热风除冰法和热水除冰法的实验研究。按照正交实验设计法进行实验设计,对实验结果进行方差分析,研究除冰参数对除冰效果的影响,并评估其用于变电站防冰害的可能性。实验和分析表明热水除冰法除冰速度快,但是带电热水除冰的危险性较大,带电除冰可行性不大;而热风除冰法除冰速度适中,带电除冰安全性较高,可应用于变电设备带电除冰。最后还对带电热风除冰进行安全性分析,提出热风除冰法可用于变电设备带电除冰,热风带电除冰安全性高,满足带电作业性能指标的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 In early 2008 our country suffered a large area of ice, most substation had serious icing fault, which caused substation and a large area around power outage. At present, substation de-icing and anti-icing technology isn’t mature enough yet. Therefore, In view of the actual situation of the substation equipment and the equipment Icing, research on the safe and effective live de-icing technology in substation is very important on ensuring the safe operation of substation and line and speeding up the pace of rehabilitation and reconstruction of the power system.This paper carried out research work in three areas.Based on collecting the damage circumstance of substation equipment icing and different de-icing technology, this paper has done a comparative analysis of a variety of anti-icing and de-icing technology which may be used in the substation equipment, and determined the substation equipment anti-icing and de-icing technology roadmap, which includes coating anti-icing method, mechanical de-icing method and thermal de-icing method. The thermal de-icing method has a huge application, which includes hot air de-icing method, hot water de-icing and heater de-icing method.Take the case of outdoor post insulator de-icing in the substation, this paper has constructed the engineering calculation model of three thermal de-icing methods. Through the rational engineering approximation to theoretical calculation, this paper has done a preliminary comparative analysis of de-icing effectiveness and economic feasibility of three three thermal de-icing methods.In environmental climate laboratory, this paper has done an experimental study on hot air de-icing method and hot water de-icing method. The experiment designs in accordance with the orthogonal experimental design method. This paper has done an analysis of variance of the experimental results, and studies the effect of de-icing parameters. Moreover, it assesses the possibility of these methods used for the substation anti-icing and de-icing. The experiments and analysis show that the de-icing speed of hot water de-icing is fast, but live hot water de-icing is dangerous and there is little probability of live hot water de-icing. And that the de-icing speed of hot air de-icing is moderate, and the live hot air de-icing is safe which may be used for live de-icing on the substation. Finally, this paper analyzes the safety of live hot air de-icing, and brings forward that it can be used for live de-icing on the substation and live hot air de-icing has very good safety which meet the requirements of the performance indicators for live work.更多还原