【作者】 苏万林；

【导师】 李正农；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 结构工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,高层建筑大量兴建,而风荷载是高层建筑设计的控制荷载之一,结构风效应的现场实测结果是掌握结构风荷载作用机理和结构动力响应及破坏机理最直接的资料,也是修正现有试验方法和理论模型最为权威的依据。本文对高层建筑风致响应进行了简化分析,并对其实测的测点优化布置问题进行了研究,提出了新的测点优化布置方法。本文首先对高层建筑风致响应实测测点优化布置研究状况进行了综述,包括:传感器(测点)优化布置准则和计算方法、以及各个学者在这些方面的研究,最后,总结了传感器与测点优化布置仍然存在的问题。其次,本文采用将高层建筑结构凝聚成多个质点的方法对高层建筑进行简化建模,得到最简便的葫芦串模型,并对简化模型进行动力特性分析,自振频率的计算结果与实测结果吻合的很好。然后,对高层建筑多维动力响应实测中测点的优化布置方法进行了研究,提出了高层建筑二维风致响应实测时适应度的计算方法,基于此适应度给出了二维测点优化布置的方法,并通过算例对此方法在实际工程中的应用进行了研究,从而将已有的高层建筑实测点优化布置研究从单向优化拓展到了多维优化。本文应用前述所建立的高层建筑简化模型计算了其风致加速度响应,然后进行了功率谱分析,并基于功率分析结果提出了新的测点优化布置判断准则,提出了可应用于高层建筑风致响应实测的测点优化布置新方法。最后,对全文的主要工作进行总结,得出本文的主要结论,并结合目前的实际研究现状,对高层建筑的实测测点优化布置方法的进一步研究进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Many tall buildings have been constructed in recent years, and the wind load is one of the control loads in the design of tall building. The results of full-scale measurements of tall building is the most direct information to grip the mechanism of wind load and structural dynamic response and destruction and also is the most authoritative basis to revision the existing test methods and theoretical models. In this paper, the wind-induced response of tall buildings has been simplified analyzed, and the problem of determining optimal sensor locations has been studied, then a new method was established.Firstly, this paper shows the current research situations on determining optimal sensor locations for full-scale measurements of tall building, and we summed up the main judging criteria and methods of optimizing sensor (measuring point) location.Secondly, using a method that is changing multi-floor into one mass point, the simplest model of tall building was obtained, after analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the simplified model, the natural frequency which was deduced by the calculated results was agree well with the measured results.Then, the study, how to determine optimal measuring points for multi-dimensional dynamic measurements of tall building, has been done, thus the existing research is extended from single-dimensional optimization to multi-dimension.A simplified model of a tall building was created, and the wind-induced acceleration of the model has been calculated by finite element program. Then the power spectrum analysis of the simulated acceleration was carried out, based on the analysis results, some new judging criteria and method are put forward in this paper.Finally, the main conclusions have been achieved. According to the current research situations, which are about the determination of optimal sensor locations for full-scale measurements of tall building, the further research expectation was shown.更多还原