【作者】 李志刚；

【导师】 荆武兴；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 飞行器设计， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文系统分析了高轨目标交会飞行任务的轨道机动策略,对各飞行阶段进行了研究分析。高轨目标交会的飞行轨道一般可分为两类:一类是被动飞行轨道,该阶段的飞行时间占据了整个交会飞行任务的大部分。第二类是主动飞行轨道,该阶段需通过主动控制,使轨道按预设定的飞行路径执行飞行任务,第二类轨道正是本文研究的重点。对于被动飞行轨道,只需进行考虑摄动影响的无控轨道动力学仿真。该飞行阶段虽然未进行轨道控制,但在实际工程中,轨道的摄动影响不可忽视,尤其对于高轨交会飞行任务,被动飞行轨道具有飞行时间长对摄动影响敏感的特点,这将在很大程度上影响交会飞行各被动飞行阶段间的主动飞行轨道的控制策略。因此,在本文的轨道机动规划策略研究中,被动飞行轨道是与主动飞行轨道的控制策略息息相关的。对于主动飞行轨道的轨道机动策略,本文采用了工程上常用的方法:首先得出脉冲变轨策略,然后基于脉冲变轨策略给出有限推力变轨策略。因此本文主动飞行轨道的变轨策略将分为脉冲变轨和有限推力变轨两部分。脉冲变轨策略是基于高轨目标交会任务全过程的,它考虑了燃料消耗的最优性;而有限推力变轨策略的目标是使推力控制的主动飞行轨道尽量逼近脉冲变轨所得到的标称目标轨道,其主要考虑因素是轨道机动的轨控精度。最后本文通过全轨道动力学仿真,验证了基于高轨目标交会飞行任务的轨道机动策略是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper systematically analysis the orbital maneuver strategy of high target orbit rendezvous mission on each flight phase. The flight path about the high target orbit rendezvous mission can be generally divided into two categories: One is the coast flight phase. The time of this flight phase occupies most of the rendezvous mission. The second category is the powered flight phase, required by active control during the stage and the orbital flight path will set by the implementation of pre-mission. The second flight phase is the focus of this paper.For coast flight phase, the orbital dynamics simulation is without active control only to consider the impact of perturbation. The orbital flight phase, while not controlling, but in practical engineering, orbital perturbations can not be neglected. Especially for high-orbit rendezvous mission, the coast flight phase has a long flight time and it is sensitive to the perturbation, which will greatly impact the orbital control strategy of the powered flight phase which is between the coast flight phases. Therefore, to the orbit maneuver planning strategy in this study, the coast flight phase is closely related to the orbital control strategies during the coast flight phase.For powered flight phase of the orbit maneuver, in this paper, the common strategy is to get guidance impulse and perform it by use of finite thrust strategy. So this strategy will be divided into impulse strategy and finite thrust strategy. Impulse strategy is based on the whole process of high-orbit targets rendezvous mission, and the optimization of fuel consumption is considered in this issue. For the finite thrust strategy, its objective is to promote the orbit controlled by the finite thrust approach to the nominal target orbit which is obtained by the impulse. The main consideration is the orbital control precision of orbit maneuver.Finally, through the whole orbital dynamics simulation, based on the high target orbit rendezvous mission, the verification of the orbital maneuver strategy is feasible.更多还原