【作者】 杨敏会；

【导师】 谢兴华；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 工程力学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文基于冲击波和爆生气体综合作用的岩石爆破理论,利用炸药的冲击波对炮孔周围岩石的压碎破坏作用以及火药爆燃气体对岩石的准静态压力作用,在现有的定向断裂控制爆破方法的基础上进行改进,设计一种新型的装药结构应用于定向断裂控制爆破中,以期达到降低开采成本,减少劳动强度,提高贵重石材荒料质量的目的。在本文试验中,采用无硫黑火药代替传统黑火药,并对所制备的无硫黑火药的燃速、水下爆炸、爆发点、撞击感度等性能进行了测试,保证了无硫黑火药的爆炸性能以及在贮存使用过程中的安全性,同时也降低了对环境的污染。通过铅块切割实验,确定了聚能罩的角度为60。时,能够达到较为理想的切割效果；RDX能够形成稳定射流的临界药量为15g左右。设计火药和炸药共同装药的新型装药结构,利用聚能效应和切缝应力集中效应,通过水泥砂浆试块模拟了火炸药协同爆破方法在石材切割中的爆破效果。以冲击波和爆炸气体综合作用理论为基础,对火炸药协同爆破的作用过程进行了分析探讨,结果表明：所设计的火炸药共同装药结构是合理的,火炸药协同爆破方法也是可行的。图32表9参60更多还原

【Abstract】 The combination theory of shock wave and detonation gases has been widely recognized. Based on the theory, a new charging structure was designed to crush rock by the destructive effects of the shock waves, and then enlarge the cracks through the quasi-static pressure from the powder gases in this paper. It improves the existing directional fracture controlled blasting methods. The new method can reduce the mining costs, decrease the labor intensity and improve the quality of precious stone blocks.The testing performance parameters of sulfur-free black powder are as folows: burning velocity, underwater blasting, bursting point and impact sensitivity. The results show that its explosive performance and security of use and storage are better than the traditional black powder. And the sulfur-free black powder is environmentally friendly. Cutting lead weights experiments implied the best angle of the shaped charge liner is 60°and the critical dose of RDX are 15g to form a stable jet. The new charging structure of powder and explosives designed gets well blasting effect through the cement mortar test block to simulate experiment. It makes good use of shaped effect and stress concentration effect. The results show that the new charging structure is reasonable and it is also feasible to use explosive synergy. The process of explosive synergy is analyzed based on the combination theory of shock wave and detonation gases. The conclusions show that it makes full use of explosive energy through the explosive synergy.Figure 32 table 9 reference 60更多还原