【作者】 仲秋晨；

【导师】 易醒；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 营养与食品卫生学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 泽泻是泽泻科植物泽泻Alisma orientalis(Sam)Juzep的干燥块茎,具有利水、渗湿、泄热之功效,可用于防治高血糖、高血脂和动脉粥样硬化,还可用于肾结石和脂肪肝的治疗。本论文对小鼠灌胃泽泻a-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂,测定血清各项指标,旨在研究泽泻α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂对糖负荷小鼠血糖及对各项生理功能的影响。1.一次灌胃泽泻a-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂对蔗糖和淀粉负荷小鼠餐后血糖有较好的抑制作用,效果随剂量升高而升高,泽泻高剂量组的抑制作用接近阳性对照阿卡波糖；连续灌胃10天泽泻a-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂对蔗糖和淀粉负荷小鼠餐后血糖有同样的抑制作用。2.连续灌胃泽泻α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂10天,各组间小鼠体重无差异；泽泻α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂可提高小鼠肝脏SOD活力,并且降低脂质过氧化产物MDA含量,提示泽泻在降低机体脂质过氧化水平方面具有一定作用。3.连续灌胃泽泻a-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂可升高正常小鼠血清HDL-C,并可降低TG水平,对改善血脂具有积极作用。4.连续灌胃泽泻α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂可升高小鼠血清TP和ALB,并降低BUN；对各组小鼠的AST/ALT比值无影响,表明长期灌胃对小鼠肝脏无损伤；连续灌胃α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂还可降低小鼠的LDH值,表明泽泻提取物可能有保护心肌细胞,提高心脏供血能力的作用；亦可提高小鼠的ALP值,表明泽泻可能对促进成骨细胞的分化有作用。5.采用水提醇沉法对多糖进行提取,得率达8.869%,利用Sevag法脱蛋白,重复8次后脱除率可达75.28%；采用双氧水法脱色,最佳条件：脱色温度80℃,脱色时间1.5h,H2O2终浓度5%,pH为8时,脱色率可达61.29%。6.考察了泽泻多糖的还原能力和对O2-、·OH和DPPH·的清除能力。结果表明,泽泻多糖的总还原力较强,接近阳性对照,对三种自由基均有一定的清除作用,且随浓度增大而增强。更多还原

【Abstract】 The tuber of Alisma orientalis (Sam.) Juper is a traditional Chinese medicine, and has been used for preventing diabetes, hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis, the Alisma also can pevent the formation of kidney calculi and fatty liver.Serum index of mice was measured by intragastrically a-glucosidase inhibitors from Alisma, aimed to study the effect of inhibition situations on blood glucose and physiological functions.1.α-glucosidase inhibitors from Alisma can decreased the PostPrandial bio od glueose on sucrose and stareh load in normal Kunming mice, which inhibit-ion was dose-dependent and the inhibitory activities was similar to acarbose. The mice were administrated gavage with inhibitor for 10 days，the results showed th at inhibitor also can decreased the PostPrandial blood glueose on sucrose or st areh load in normal Kunming mice.2. The mice were administrated gavage with inhibitor for 10 days, each group has no difference in body weight of mice;α-glucosidase inhibitors from Alisma can enhance the activity of SOD and lower the level of MDA, Alisma has a role in reducing the level of lipid peroxidation.3.α-glucosidase inhibitors from Alisma can increase serum HDL-C, and reduce TC levels, indicating that it is useful for therapying hyperlipidemia.4.α-glucosidase inhibitors from Alisma can elevated the level of serum total protein and albumin;α-glucosidase inhibitors from Alisma can decreased BUN of mice, AST/ALT ratio of mice were no difference with other groups, showed that no damage to the liver by Long-term feeding;α-glucosidase inhibitors from Alisma reduced the level of LDH, indicating that the extracts of Alisma may protect heart cells and increase the ability to supplied heart blood under high-intensity exercise; a-glucosidase inhibitors from Alisma also can increase ALP of mice, indicating that Alisma may has a role in promoting osteoblast differentiation.5. Polysaccharide was extracted from Alisma by water extracting-alcohol precipitating, the yield reached 8.869%, but the protein and pigment have been extracted together, the experimental deproteinization by Sevag, afer repeating 8 times, the rate of deproteinization reached 75.28%,hydrogen peroxide decolorization has a good effect, optimum conditionsobtained as follows:decoloring temperature is 80℃, decoloring time is 1.5h, concentration of H2O2 is 5%, the rate of decolorization reached 61.29%.6. The total reducing power and scavenging activity of three free radical on the polysaccharide from Alisma was investigated. The results showed that Alisma polysaccharide has a strong total reducing power, close to the positive control. And remarkable scavenging effects against DPPH·, O2-and-OH were detected, Furthermore, scavenging activity and anthocyanins concentration showed a position of dose-response relationship.更多还原