【作者】 陈书南；

【导师】 蒋朝根；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 计算机技术， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着测量精度、测量速度的不断提高,非接触式测量方法由于其良好的精确性、实时性以及无损坏等特点在很多领域已逐渐替代传统的接触式测量方法。线阵CCD (Charge Coupled Device,电荷耦合器件)作为一种以单个电荷为载体信号的半导体器件,在借助合适的驱动电路和光学系统的前提下,就可以实现很高的测量精度,因而被广泛应用于监控、检测、测量等领域。本文利用直射式激光三角测量法原理,使用CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device,复杂可编程逻辑器件)驱动线阵CCD作为测量传感器,半导体激光管作为传感器的感应光源,并采用单片机作为控制核心设计了一种高精度、宽量程的非接触式测距系统。论文首先调研了激光三角测距技术的国内外研究现状,然后介绍了激光三角法测量距离的原理,并对线阵CCD器件及其基本工作原理、主要性能指标等进行了分析研究。其次,详细介绍了系统的硬件实现和软件设计,CCD传感器将激光信号转化为电信号,并通过简单的放大、滤波电路的处理,然后送至单片机进行A/D转换,继而将数据信息通过RS-232C串行通信发送到上位机进行后续处理。论文最后对系统的调试、实验过程做了说明,对实验结果和实验误差进行了分析,并提出了系统进一步研究和改进的方向。本文介绍的激光三角测距系统采用CPLD来设计线阵CCD的驱动时序,CCD的光积分时间是可调的,这不仅提高了电路的可靠性和灵活性,还缩小了系统硬件装置的体积；使用单片机作为控制核心也十分简单,还节约了成本,测量系统的精度理论上可以达到0.1mm,量程最大可以达到20cm,本研究在常见的非接触式测量应用中有很好的使用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the elevated speed and precision in the area of measurement, non-contact measurement is replacing traditional contact measurement in many fields due to its good accuracy, real-time and no damage. As a semiconductor device that use single charge as its sensor signal, Liner CCD can easily achieve very high accuracy under suitable drive circuit, and it is used widely in the area of monitoring, examination and measurement.In this thesis, based on direct light of Laser Triangulation Measuring principle, a non-contact measurement system with high precision and wide range is designed, which is mainly controlled by Single Chip Micro-computer. It uses the programmable logic device (CPLD) to realize the CCD drive circuit. The transducer’s laser source is semiconductor laser diode.Firstly, research is carried out in current study situation both at home and abroad, and Laser Triangulation Measuring principle is described. Secondly, the working principle and chief properties of Liner CCD are analyzed. Thirdly, the hardware structure and software design of the system is introduced in detail. The optical signals are converted to electric signals by laser-CCD sensors, then sent to Single Chip Micro-computer for A/D transform before amplifying and filtering, the acquired data will be transmitted to the upper computer by the serial communication of RS-232C for further processing. Lastly, System Adjustment and experiment process were demonstrated, analysis is made on the experimental results and errors, and some opinions for further improvement of performances of the system were given.In this paper, CCD timing pulses of Laser Triangulation Measuring System was generated by using CPLD as the control core, and it’s integral time is adjustable as required. This not only increased the reliability and flexibility of the circuit, but also reduced the size of the hardware apparatus. In addition, taking MCS-51 single chip as processor is very simple, the cost is also reduced. The measurement system has a very good application prospect among non-contact measurement area, with its precision as high as 0.1mm and measure range of 20cm in theory.更多还原