结合ZigBee和GPRS无线网络的LED路灯驱动及监控系统

【作者】 蒋晓波；

【导师】 刘木清；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 物理电子学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着城市规模的不断扩大和经济的不断进步,作为城市基础建设之一的道路照明也得到了飞速的发展,不仅路灯的杆数逐年增加,而且路灯安装的范围也逐年扩大。道路照明,保障着千万人的夜间出行安全,是城市公共照明的重要组成部分,在发展中其也面临着如下的问题：一方面道路照明每年消耗大量的电能,其需要进行节能的改革；另一方面,随着其规模的扩大,路灯的管理和维护变得更加的困难和重要,如何进行有效的监控成为了一个必须解决的问题。因此,本文着眼于LED这一新光源,由于其光效高,寿命长等优点,可用于替代现有的高压钠灯实现显著的节能。针对这个需求,本文首先研究了适合LED路灯照明的大功率驱动,使用可变开通时间的APFC技术和半桥谐振LLC技术设计了大功率恒压电路,并详细介绍了电路的工作原理、理论模型和设计方法。之后设计了LED的恒流电路,并针对使用的芯片提出了一种短路保护方案,并为控制留出调光接口。最后通过实验验证了所设计电源的功能性。同时,为实现路灯的有效监控,本文分析并使用了基于ZigBee和GPRS的无线网络技术,提出了基于GPS定位的路灯监控技术。文中介绍ZigBee协议的结构和特点,在比较分析的基础上选择了解决方案；并简单介绍了GPRS技术、GPS定位原理和本文选用的模块。并在上述的基础上设计了以ZigBee模块为核心的路灯控制节点,连接路灯控制网络和监控计算机之间进行通讯互联的GPRS-ZigBee网关和可定位单杆路灯的GPS位置获取器。最后,本文对整个系统的监控软件和算法进行了编写。其中根据ZigBee在LED路灯应用上的特殊性,对其协议栈底层驱动、组网等方面进行了修改和编程。并且通过对GPRS和ZigBee的结合,构建了可靠的区域化、网络化的两级式无线控制。在主控电脑的监控软件上,本文基于路灯GPS定位技术设计控制界面,可显示路灯当前位置和状态,基于日落日出算法和分时调光控制技术实现了LED路灯的准时开关和调光节能。为验证上述系统的有效性,本文在某LED路灯试验段搭建了实验平台,进行了路灯监控的功能验证,通过实验,证明了本文设计系统的可行性。在本文设计和实验的过程中,同样发现了存在的某些问题和不足,并在本文的最后提出了改进的思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the growth of economy, cities are expanding rapidly. Road lighting is an important part of the city’s infrastructure, lights number and installed area are growing year by year. Road lighting, which is a part of public lighting system, ensures the safety of the driver and pedestrian on road at night. During its fast development, however, there are several critical problems needed to be solved:road lighting consumes a lot of electric energy every year, it needs some measure to reduce this cost; meanwhile, an effective method or system is needed to monitor the operation of such a large number of road lights, to guarantee their proper work.Based on these considerations, this dissertation focuses on road lighting by the new light source-LED. Because LED has higher efficacy, longer life and other advantages, it is quite suitable in road lighting application. According to this assumption, firstly, this dissertation makes a research on the LED high power driver for LED road light. There are constant voltage part and constant current part in the driver. The constant voltage part uses the technology of LM-FOT APFC and LLC half-bridge resonant converter, the circuit’s model analysis and design procedure are presented. Then the driver’s constant current part is designed, a short-circuit protection scheme is proposed to the specified driver IC, a dimming interface is also designed to support lighting control. Experiment results prove the driver’s proper function.Meanwhile, in order to implement effective road lighting monitoring, this dissertation combines the wireless technology of ZigBee, GPRS and lamp positioning technology of GPS. The control principles are illustrated in details, then, solutions and modules are chosen based on the analysis and comparison. With these modules, a ZigBee road light control gear, ZigBee-GPRS gateway and GPS positioning device are designed.Finally, the monitoring algorithm and software are proposed. To ensure ZigBee stack’s proper work on road lighting control system, its hardware layer and network layer are modified and programmed. With the integration of GPRS and ZigBee technology, a stable two level wireless control network is built. The monitoring interface is built based on GPS positioning technology, so the light’s position and status can be showed in real-time. The control algorithm is built with calculation of sun-rise & sun-set time and the time-dependent dimming strategy, so the LED light’s on-off time and output dimming control can be precised executed.This dissertation builds an experiment platform on a road which installed LED lights. An experiment is implemented to test the function of the whole monitoring system, the results shows that the proposed the integration of LED dimmable driver and wireless control system is feasible. During the design and experiment of this project, some problems are revealed, and further improvement is proposed at the ending of this dissertation.更多还原