【作者】 陈伟琦；

【导师】 胡斌杰；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 物联网通过传感网络、射频识别等设备,将物体与互联网相连进行通信,实现对物体的识别、定位、监控和管理。目前在理论和应用研究方面引起了世界各国的重视,成为推动世界经济增长的重要新兴产业,被广泛应用在智能交通、医疗卫生、工业监控和城市管理等领域,可实现任何时间、任何地点及任何物体的互连,提高整个社会的信息化水平,具有十分广阔的应用前景。本论文主要针对物联网感知层的关键技术,即传感网络的数据融合以及与射频识别系统的多标签防碰撞技术进行研究,主要工作如下:1、阐述了物联网的分层体系结构及其关键技术,重点介绍了物联网的感知与识别技术,并分别阐述传感网络的数据融合模型与路由算法以及RFID系统的工作原理与防碰撞问题。2、改进基于分布式数据融合的分簇路由协议Leach,有效延长了传感网络的生命周期;介绍了一种基于高斯隶属函数的数据融合算法,并将融合技术与路由技术相结合对数据进行处理,提高传感器网络数据采集的效率与准确度,降低冗余度与数据传输量。3、提出了一种具有未知标签数估算功能的高效二进制搜索防碰撞算法AEBS,对阅读器作用范围内的未知标签进行识别。理论分析和实验仿真结果显示,AEBS算法提高了系统识别的效率和稳定性,在标签数量大于0而小于300的情况下,AEBS算法的系统识别效率始终稳定在79.0%~87.0%之间,即平均识别一个标签所需要的查询次数稳定在1.15~1.26之间,同时降低了整个系统的识别时间。更多还原

【Abstract】 The internet of things uses the sensor network, RFID and other devices to connect all the things with internet so as to exchange information and realize identification, position, monitoring and management. The internet of things has attracted wide attention around the world in theory and application research, which become an important emerging industry to promote the economic growth of the world. The applications of the internet of things include intelligent transportation, health services, industry monitoring, urban management and other area. The internet of things can realize the interconnection of any time, any place and any things, which enhances level of the whole society information, and has broad application prospects.The main topics of this dissertation are the research for the theory and design of data fusion algorithms in sensor networks and multiple tag anti-collision algorithms in RFID systems, which are the key technology of perception level in the internet of things. The principal tasks and improvements are as follows:1. Describe layered architecture and key technology of the internet of things, and mainly analyze the perception and recognition technology. Then describe data fusion model, routing protocols in sensor networks, and working principle, anti-collision algorithm in RFID systems.2. Improved the clustering Leach protocol based on distributed data fusion, which can reduce energy consumption and prolong the network life cycle. Then describe a data fusion algorithm based on gauss membership function. Combining of the data fusion technology and routing protocol to process data collected by sensors, which can enhance the system efficiency and accuracy, reduce number of data transmission and network congestion.3. A new efficient binary search algorithm with the tag estimation function is brought up for RFID systems, which can be use to identify the unknown number tags around the reader. Theory analysis and simulation results show that AEBS enhance the system identification efficiency and stability. On the case that tag number is more than 0 and less than 300, the system efficiency of AEBS maintains between 79.0%~87.0%, the average number of iterations to identify one tag maintain between 1.15~1.26, and the system identification time is reduced.更多还原