【作者】 冯林传；

【导师】 张骏； 钱会； 李小林；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 地质工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 德令哈地处柴达木盆地的东南缘,是国家能源化工柴达木基地的重要组成部分。近年来随着区内经济的快速发展,对水资源的需求急剧增加,已经造成部分地段的地下水位下降,下游部分泉水干涸,局部土地沙化,沙地活化等生态环境问题。因此,对干旱半干旱地区地下水资源的合理开发利用和生态环境保护对地区国民经济的发展具有重要的现实意义。本文在分析研究已有资料的基础上,通过对研究区地质、水文地质条件的分析,结合野外重点路线考察及相关的地面调查工作,认为地下水的形成与分布主要受控于构造运动及沉积环境。北部山区的地(表)下水涵养区和发源地,盆地则是地(表)下水的汇集中心。通过对研究区地下水开发利用现状的研究,分析了地下水开发利用的趋势及其对环境的影响；通过对研究区地下水开发利用历史的研究,分析了水资源开发过程中泉集河、地面蒸发等的演变过程,为定量研究水资源开发利用及其环境影响等提供了依据。通过水文地质分析方法和地下水流系统的研究,建立了研究区的水文地质概念模型和数学模型,利用Processing Modflow Pro地下水流数值模拟软件进行数值分析,根据抽水试验资料对地下水流数值模型进行识别和校验。根据建立的地下水流数值模型,对水源地的各种开采方案进行了预测分析,研究了水源地开采的不同方式及其对周围环境的影响,确定了水源地的合理开发利用程度和允许开采量。本文建立了研究区地下水流数值模拟模型,以研究水源地不同开采方式的发展趋势以及水源地开采对下游泉水流量及地面蒸发量的影响,研究成果对该地区地下水资源合理开发利用及生态环境保护具有借鉴意义,为当地社会经济的发展、水资源和生态环境的协调积累了经验和提供参考模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Delingha is the important component part of China’s Industry Energy Base in Caidamu city which located in the southeast area of Chaidamu basin in Qinghai province. With the rapid economic development in recent years, the demand for water resources sharply increased, which has caused many ecological environment problem like the groundwater level drops, large spring outcrop fallback, land sandification, and the area of oasis gradually deflating, activated local sandy land. Therefore, the study on environment effects caused by the interaction in exploitation of groundwater sources and protection of the ecological environment, as well as regional and national economic development.On the basis of the analysis and study of the geology and hydrogeology of the studied area, the geophysical and surface mapping methods were used in the key area, it is believed the formation and distribution of groundwater in the area are mainly controlled by neo-tectonics and deposition environment since Cenozoic. The northern mountain is the source area of groundwater and surface water.The basin areas is the collection center of groundwater and surface water.Through the arid inland Northwest region and the Delingha Basin,the ecological vegetation has been cstablished through analysed the vegetation development and the groundwater level depth in this area。Using hydrogeology analysis methods and analysis of groundwater flow system established regional hydrogeological conceptual and mathematical models, annumerical analysis of these models are made with the aid of processing Modflow Pro groundwater flow simulation software, based on exploitation-scale pumping test data, the identification and validation of this model are worked out.Based on the numerical model of speepage system of groundwater, the dynamic response of every water resources exploration plan have been predicted and analysed,and studied the mutual influence as well as to the environment influence in this Water-source field, and at last, the reasonable development degree and permission yield were obtained.This is the study to establish the numerical model of seepage systerm of groundwater to study the mutual exploitation of Water-sourece fild and impacts on the ecological environment, an sustainable exploitation mode on utilization of groundwater was proposed, research results have reference value for the groundwater resources development and the ecological environmental protection in Delingha area, and provide reference model and experiences for socio-economic, ecological and environmental development in Delingha areas.更多还原