【作者】 陶红；

【导师】 严忠志；

【作者基本信息】 四川外语学院 ， 英语语言文学， 2011， 硕士

【副题名】对《宠儿》中黑人女性身份的追寻

【摘要】 作为托尼·莫里森最重要的小说,《宠儿》一直被认为是直击问题实质的最“黑色”之书,也因此为莫里森在她作家生涯中赢得了很多赞扬和尊敬。《宠儿》以一个从前被奴役的女人的“杀婴事件”为中心,表面上看似讲述过度浓厚的母爱。然而,当读者探寻“杀婴事件”背后最本质的原因时,他们会发现“杀婴”其实是女主人公塞丝对惨无人道的奴隶制度的极度反抗,是她为了作为人的自我或者为了其身份的认同而作的一次绝望的斗争。据此,本论文正是对《宠儿》中主要黑人女性身份作的一次完整探寻。鉴于奴隶社会黑人女性作为完整的个人身份一直受到白人殖民者的否认和异化,本论文作者将结合霍米?巴巴的“杂糅”和“矛盾情绪”理论以及格洛里亚?安让杜尔的“女混血儿意识”和“边缘地带”理论来探寻《宠儿》里主要黑人女性身份从缺失、觉醒到重建的艰辛漫长之路。本论文认为,《宠儿》里黑人女性的自我实现和其身份的重建是一个不断反抗殖民者将其身份定义为“物”的过程,并强调黑人女性身份的缺失、觉醒以及重建都无一不与她们各自的身体、姓名、对他人的爱,回忆以及她们所赖以生存的社区团体息息相关。总的说来,除了介绍和结语外,本论文主要包含以下三个部分。主要结构如下:第一章主要从黑人女性的身体变形、名字缺失、爱的畸变等来讨论杂糅文化下黑人女性自我身份的缺失。第二章,结合巴巴的“杂糅”和“矛盾情绪”理论以及格洛里亚?安让杜尔的“女混血儿意识”,集中分析黑人女性对自我身份追寻意识上的觉醒,这些觉醒主要表现或者隐藏在她们不断反抗奴隶制对她们固定模式定义的行为中,如渴望获得爱、获得名字、害怕自我分解或者自救。第三章在格洛里亚?安让杜尔的“边缘地带”理论的帮助下,重点分析回忆(rememory)和黑人社区对塞丝及丹芙个人身份重建的重要性,并由此探索黑人民族身份重建的可能性。本研究企盼能为该小说的研究再予一点启迪之光,并由此呼唤人们给予黑人女性以高度的人性关怀。作为一部“女混血儿意识”小说,该小说迫使读者不知不觉在众多回忆中穿越边界。通过瓦解民族历史强势话语,《宠儿》毫无疑问也是一种声音,并为殖民历史的子子孙孙提供了另一种可供选择的意识模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Regarded as the“darkest”novel that goes right to the heart of the matter, Tony Morrison’s Beloved is her most important novel and has won her much praise and honor during her career as a writer. Beloved tells a formerly enslaved woman’s attempt to kill all her children rather than see them enslaved in accordance with the Fugitive Slave Law and thus is seemingly about excesses of mother love. Nevertheless, when probing into the fundamental causes of the infanticide’s, readers have to admit that it should attribute to Sethe’s radical resistance against the brutal slavery, and a desperate fighting for the self or the recognition of her identity as a human being.Accordingly, this research bears a burden to quest for African-American female identity. Significantly, considering that their identity as full individuals has been consistently denied to them by white colonialists, this research will thus read black females’self-actualization from the point of view of Homi Bhabha’s“hybridity”and“colonial ambivalence”as well as Gloria Anzaldua’s“mestiza consciousness”and“borderland”, and will read it as a resistive process against objectifying colonial definitions of black identity. It further argues that the construction of black female identity has gone through a long way of sufferings and hardships, including both periods of loss and awakening, which are integrally intertwined with their body, name, love, community and their narrative of story-telling. Generally speaking, this research consists of three parts which comes between introduction and conclusion. It is structured as follows:The first chapter mainly discusses the black women’s sufferings of transformation in their body, loss of name and deformed mother love that lead to a loss of the hybrid self. The second chapter focuses on black females’awakening which is shown or implied in their acts of resistance against the fixed definition of black women under slavery, in their desire for love and name, in their fear of disintegration, and in their acts of self salvation. The third chapter expounds on the importance of rememory and the key role the community plays in the reconstruction of Sethe’s identity and that of Denver, and finally the possible reconstruction of black national identity.This research is expected to shed light on the researches of the novel and evokes people’s concern about black females’fate as human beings. As a mestiza text, the novel forces readers to cross borders through a definition of rememory. Beloved, then, is a“voice”that, by disrupting the dominant discourse of national history, serves as an alternative ideological model for all descendents of a colonialist history.更多还原