【作者】 熊平闯；

【导师】 夏娜；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 倾角仪是测量待测平面倾角的仪器。倾角仪在测绘仪器、建筑机械、设备安装、道路桥梁、天线定位、机器人技术、坦克和舰船火炮平台控制、汽车电子控制、海上平台监控等方面都有着广泛的应用。为了让倾角仪能够在0~360°的角度测量范围内都有非常高的精准度,本文提出了一种新的加速度计布置方案,并根据传感器件输出信号的特性,设计了新的倾角计算方法,实现了该软硬件系统。大量实验测试结果表明本文设计的多个MEMS加速度计融合的数字倾角仪在测量范围和精度上均达到了较高的技术水平,因此具有重要的工程应用价值。本论文研究的主要内容及创新点:(1)对国内外倾角仪的研制状况进行了广泛的调研。并对倾角仪内部的主要传感器件的布置方案进行了深入的分析。结合数学理论和实际使用经验,对两种典型的MEMS加速度计布置方案的优缺点进行了详细的阐述。(2)针对现有数字倾角仪工作性能的不足,结合MEMS加速度计输出信号的特性,提出了一种新的多个MEMS加速度计布置方案——多个加速度计对称展开的布置方案;在此基础上,引入了可信区间和可信加速度计的概念,判定惟一可信加速度计,根据惟一可信加速度计的倾角计算值,结合多个加速度计之间的几何位置关系,计算出待测平面的精确倾角值。(3)完成了多个MEMS加速度计融合的数字倾角仪的软硬件实现。在系统的设计中,Atmega128L单片机采用中断的方式实现对五个加速度计输出信号的采集,并通过串口将采集的数据信息发送给PC上位机。上位机运行算法计算出倾角值,并通过三维动态显示的方式直观显示倾角仪的测量结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Inclinometer is the instrument using for measuring the angle of the under tested plane. Inclinometer have been broadly used in surveying equipment, construction machinery, equipment installation, roads and bridges, antenna positioning, robotics, tanks and artillery platforms ship controlling, automotive electronic controlling, monitoring and other aspects of offshore platforms. In order to make inclinometer have very high accuracy in angle range of 0～360°, this paper presents a new layout scheme of accelerometers. Based on the characteristics of the output signal of accelerometers, this paper designes a new method of angle calculation and realized the hardware and software systems. The large number of experimental results show that the digital inclinometer based on integration of multiple MEMS accelerometers have reached a higher level in measurement range and accuracy , so it has important value for engineering application.The main content and innovation of this paper:(1) Doing extensive research on the situation of the inclinometer-conducted at home and abroad. Making in-depth analysis on the layout of the two main sensor devices in inclinometer. Combined the mathematical theory and practical experience, we described the advantages and disadvantages of the two typical MEMS accelerometer layout scheme in detail .(2) For the lack of performance of existing digital inclinometer, combined with MEMS accelerometer’s features of output signals, we proposed a new MEMS accelerometer layout scheme—multiple accelerometers symmetrical layout scheme . on this basis, we introduced confidence intervals and the concept of confidence accelerometer and the method of determining the only confidence accelerometer. According to the calculating angle of the the only confidence accelerometer and the geometry relationships of the multiple accelerometers, we can calculate the exact angle value of under tested plane.(3) Completed the hardware and software implementation of the digital inclinometer based on integration of multiple MEMS accelerometers. In the system design, Atmega128L SCM collects the output signals of five accelerometers by interrupt means , and send data information to the host computer through the serial port . Host computer runs algorithms to calculate the angle value and displays angle of the measurement results by the way of three-dimensional dynamic display of visual.更多还原