【作者】 马飞；

【导师】 刘福胜；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 结构工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着建筑节能和环境保护要求的不断提高,世界各国对建筑节能技术给予了充分的重视。近30年来,各国在建筑设计和施工、新型建筑保温材料的开发和应用、建筑节能法规的制定和实施、建筑节能产品的认证和管理等方面做了很多的工作,不但节省了大量的能源,取得了可观的经济效益,同时改善了环境,降低了对大气臭氧层的破坏。根据最新的资料统计,全国农作物副产的秸秆每年有7亿吨,居世界首位。但是我国目前对这些秸秆的开发利用率还比较低,大量的秸秆在田间焚烧,既造成严重的大气污染,破坏了生态环境,又浪费了宝贵的可再生资源。欧美等西方国家很早就致力于将农作物秸秆用于建筑材料的研究并且效果显著,我国在这方面还处于起步阶段,并未普及。随着我国对建筑节能工作的逐步重视,新型建材对取代黏砖,节约土地,保护子孙后代的生存条件具有重要意义,农业秸秆作为新型建筑材料是完全可行的。新型秸秆墙体材料有望成为建筑材料中的一支重要方面军。对于一种新型建筑材料,本文探索了新型小麦秸秆砌块干燥保存的可行性,优化了秸秆砌块的保存条件。模拟纤维混凝土夹心秸秆压缩块砌块所处的不同外界环境,观察砌块在不同环境中的变化并分析了结果。本文通过试验研究小麦秸秆压缩块的弹性模量和泊松比,对小麦秸秆压缩块及纤维混凝土夹心秸秆压缩块砌块进行了力学分析,并用ANSYS进行数值模拟,得出符合试验的理论结果。经对比分析可知,理论和试验结果符合较好。本次试验项目受山东省科技发展计划项目支持。试验完善了小麦秸秆压缩块的材料配比及其加工工艺,研究了砌块干燥和保存的方法,并对纤维混凝土夹心秸秆压缩块砌块的力学性能进行了试验研究。最后根据前人的理论成果,结合试验数据,对砌块进行了理论分析和数值模拟,得出符合试验的理论结果。经对比分析可知,理论和试验结果符合较好。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the requirement of building energy efficiency and environmental protection is enhancing, the energy efficiency technology of buliding has given full attention. In the last 30 years, lots of effort has done in many countries, such as the design and construction of building, the development and implication of new building insulation materials, the development and implementation of energy efficiency regulations, the certification and management of insulation materials, etc. Owing to the effort mentioned above, lots of energy has saved and considerable economic benefits have been made. What’s more, the environment is improving gradually and the destruction of the ozone layer is reducing significantly.According to the latest statistics, there are 700 million tons of straw in our country each year, which ranked first in the world. Unfortunately, the development and utilization rate of these straws in our country is relatively low and a large number of straws have been burned in the field. all those not only cause serious air pollution, damage the environment, but also waste valuable renewable resources. The western countries have long committed to the study of crop straw used for building materials and obtained significant results. But our country is still in the initial stage. As our country pay more emphasis on building energy efficiency, it is feasible for crop straw to be used for a new building material. And new cellulose wall materials are expected to come to the fore in building materials.This paper explores the feasibility of wheat straw block which can be kept in dry and Propose a way to optimize the storage conditions of straw blocks. By simulating the block in different external conditions, the process of change can be observed and the reasons which cause the changes can be analyzed.According to the Elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the wheat straw compressed block which can be obtained by experiment, the mechanical analysis of wheat straw compressed block and Straw fiber reinforced concrete block can be carried out. Meanwhile, theoretical results which shows good agreement with experimental results can be gain by numerical simulation used ANSYS.The pilot project is supported by technology development projects in Shandong province. According to the experiment, the ratio of materials and processing technology can be improved. And the method of drying and preservation can be get. At the same time, this paper studies the mechanical analysis of wheat straw compressed block and straw fiber reinforced concrete block.Finally, according to previous theoretical results and experimental data, together with theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the theoretical results which meet the test can be obtained.更多还原