【作者】 张亚楠；

【导师】 白峰；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 宝石学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 纯碱不能使蛇纹石玉造成任何白化现象,却有一些变黄的迹象。蛇纹石玉在高温700℃—1000℃发生相变,产生通体白沁。高温实验之后的蛇纹石玉韧性、硬度均降低;光泽变为土状光泽;对其进行傅里叶变换红外光谱仪分析,通过对比标准红外图谱,相变产物为镁橄榄石和顽火辉石。对于现代仿制的土状光泽鸡骨白沁色,高温加热后其成分发生变化,传世古玉及出土古玉其成分还是原来的玉石材质,因此可以根据傅里叶变化红外光谱仪来区分此种仿鸡骨白。对于现代仿制的白色斑沁,先进行红外分析,若红外光谱特征峰显示明显的分裂峰,可确定其经处理;若谱图特征峰无太大变化,还需要结合古玉的器形、年代特征等来考究其真伪。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the basis of market research and data’s summarization, the author draw a conclusion: jade handed down, unearthed jade and imitation jade mostly are tremolite jade and serpentine jade; Antique jade’s modern imitation methods are generally acid and alkali treating, high temperature treating. Accordingly, this paper establish the experiment program which will treat the tremolite jade and serpentine jade with acid and alkali immersion test and high temperature test.The acid and alkali corrosion experiment to tremolite jade is only limited to the surface which is not smooth polished, such as the decoration incised lines. To imitate the chicken bone white or white spots soak-induced color, it is necessary that a rough surface to be manufactured, and to the ones with decorations a pre-processing is needed before the acid and alkali treating, preventing the thickness of white spots soak-induced color changed in the process of the treating.The high temperature test at 900℃—1200℃can promote tremolite jade occurring phase transition, and produce the whole body soak-induced color. After the high-temperature experiments, the tremolite jade’s toughness and hardness both decreased; its gloss also becomes into earthy luster from the previous oil sheen.Sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid can both produce white soak-induced color in serpentine jade, and the different concentration vary the result of corrosion. when the concentration of the sulfuric acid is between 19%—25% and the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is between 9%—12%, the corrosion to serpentine jade is the strongest; the corrosion of nitric acid is limited to the surface of serpentine jade; alkali can not make any bleaching on serpentine jade, but there is a little yellow signs and maybe it can be used.The high temperature test at and after 700℃—1000℃can promote serpentine jade occurring phase transition, and it has some fixed phase transition products, which are forsterite and enstatite, but they show differences when seeing them directly, some are white, some are yellow and some are black. According to analyze the original sample, there comes a conclude that if you want to imitate chicken-bone white, you should choose some samples that have a lighter green color, which means the ones have a small number of iron..To the modern imitation of chicken-bone white, its composition change after been sintered, the composition of jade handed down and unearthed jade are as same as the main body of the original material composition, therefore, according to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to distinguish between chicken bone white. To the modern imitation of white sport soak-induced color, because of its main composition did not change too much, it is impossible to differ them from each other according the machine only, there still have to combine the shape of the jade and the era characteristics of the jade together to study.更多还原