【作者】 王文军；

【导师】 张贵宾； 张英志；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 石油与天然气工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 为探索应用水平井挖潜萨北开发区特高含水期厚油层顶部剩余油可行性,围绕水平井轨迹设计、射孔方案优化、产能预测及跟踪调整等开发技术难题,开展水平井开发配套技术攻关。根据研究区块动、静态资料,建立区块的精细地质模型,模型纵向网格精细到沉积单元内部,应用层内岩性精细建模技术,将储层按物性及层内发育位置细分为7种岩性,精细刻画层内非均质性对水平井开发效果的影响,提高了地质模型精度,为水平井轨迹设计提供了可靠依据;根据沉积单元内部隔夹层发育情况,分类合并纵向模型网格,实现模型非均匀粗化,保留0.2米以上隔夹层信息,确保地质模型精度同时,减少模型节点,满足数值模拟运算要求;根据水平井轨迹及射孔层段,将水平井离散为多段进行模拟,精确描述井筒内部流体流动特征;以岩相为约束设置模型纵向传导率,准确描述沉积单元内部流体流动特征;设置流动边界,加密近井模型,提高模型运算速度与精度,发展了水平井数值模拟技术,指导水平井轨迹优选、射孔方案编制、跟踪调整及开发政策的确定。上述技术在北5-8-平53井轨迹设计、射孔层段、射孔方位角及孔密、产能预测、自喷转抽时机等界限确定得到充分应用,投产初期模型产能预测符合率达90.22%,投产后一年产油量预测误差为0.931%,水平井最佳下泵时机为含水率在30%左右时。应用油藏工程方法,建立底水条件下,水平井两相流见水前和见水后产能预测模型,理论生产数据与实际数据符合率达到90.0%左右。按模型预测到综合含水98%时,北5-8-平53井累积产油1.75×10~4吨,最终采收率将达到42.75%。应用上述开发配套技术,水平井自喷条件下,综合含水在10%以下保持一年,下泵后,根据油藏流线模拟结果,对厚油层下部采取长胶筒封堵,加强油层中上部注水,综合含水由58.9%下降到53.9%,基本保持稳定。截止目前水平井累积产液8030吨,累积产油5739吨,取得较好开发效果。该项研究成果将有效指导萨北开发区后续水平井开发,对实现油田控水挖潜和可持续发展目标有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the feasibility of potentiality finding remaining oil in top area of Sabei development area, a height reservoir and currently in extra high water cut development stage, research of some auxiliary oil and gas field development techniques with horizontal wells were carried out. These key techniques include horizontal well bore tracking design, casing perforation optimization, productivity forecasting and well pattern tracking and modification. Accurate geologic model of this area has been established based on both dynamic and static materials. With the aborative description of geologic model, the model precision in vertical grid reaches sedimentary units. The intrastratal lithologic character fine model building technology was used to characterize the reservoir, and I divide Sabei reservoir zone into seven different lithostratigraphies in terms of reservoir properties and the growing position inner the reservoir. The impact of heterogeneous on development efficiency with horizontal well in Sabei area can be studied with this accuracy geologic model, and provide reliable basis for horizontal well bore tracking design. According to the development level of Sedimentary units’interlayer, the geological model was upscaled based on classifying and merging the vertical grids. The intercalated beds, higher than 0.2 meters, were reserved which not only ensures the accuracy of geological model but also satisfy the requirement for numerous reservoir simulation. The fluids flow performance in well bore was characterized by discreting the horizontal well into several segments by means of horizontal well bore track and shot phasing. The lithofacies were used to restrict the model vertical conductivity, depicting the fluids flow performance inside the sedimentary union and setting the flow boundaries. The girds closed to wells were refined, which increases the speed and accuracy of simulation model. This refined grids system extends numerous reservoir simulation for horizontal wells, guiding horizontal well bore location optimization, casing perforation design, production tracking and operation modification. The above techniques have been widely used in designing well bore tracking, casing perforation, casing direction, casing density, productivity forecasting and transferring artesian flow to pumping time for well Bei 5-8-Ping 53. The agreement between simulation results and production data up to 90.22% during the early stage of development, the prediction error of oil rate is 0.931% after 1 year’s production. When the water cut reaches about 30%, it is the best time for putting on pump. The productivity forecasting models for two phases flow of horizontal well before and after water breakthrough have been established by applying reservoir engineering methods, and the accuracy of simulation is around 90.00%. The cumulative oil production of well Bei-5-8-Ping-53 is 1.75×10~4t and its oil recovery is up to 42.75 when the water cut reaches 98%. The composite water cut keeps below 10% for one year by applying the above horizontal well techniques horizontal well products oil with nature energy. After put on pump, the composite water cut is down from the 58.9% to 53.9% by sealing off the bottom of reservoir with long rubber tube, which based on the results of streamline simulation. Currently, the development effect of well Bei-5-8-Ping-53 is well, with 8030t fluid production and 5739t oil production. The result of my work can give effective guidelines for developing Sabei reservoir during extra high water cut with horizontal well, which is of significant means for oil field water controlling and sustainable development.更多还原