基于POS系统的航空摄影测量试验研究

【作者】 刘硕；

【导师】 施昆； 赵乔贵；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 地图制图学与地理信息工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 摄影测量的主要任务之一是利用每个立体像对上的同名点确定对应地物点的实际坐标,而获取高精度的外方位元素则是解算地物点实际位置的关键。传统的摄影测量方法是通过空三加密来确定影像的外方位元素,但这一过程需要大量的地面控制点。随着全球定位技术和惯性导航技术的迅速发展,将DGPS/IMU组合系统即POS系统引入到摄影测量中,利用GPS动态差分技术测定航摄仪的位置和速度,惯性测量单元IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit)测定其瞬时姿态,通过严格的数据后处理,可获取航片的外方位元素,从而可实现无地面控制或少量地面控制的高精度对地直接定位,进而能减少外业工作量,缩短生产周期,提高作业效率。论文从国内外POS辅助航空摄影测量的技术出发,研究了基于POS系统的航空摄影测量的相关原理、方法、关键技术,以及POS数据处理流程,在此基础上,结合两种不同航摄比例尺的POS影像数据,以Applanix公司的POS/AV为例,从POS数据的获取和处理,到利用POS数据进行航空影像DOM的制作,在这个过程中,采用POS直接定向法和DGPS/IMU辅助空中三角测量法分别对两测区的试验结果进行比较和精度分析,并形成一套完整且可行的POS辅助航空摄影测量DOM制作的方案。最后,本文对试验结果进行总结并提出了相关建议,对今后POS辅助航空摄影测量的进一步研究提供了方向和前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 One goal for photogrammetry is that determine the actual coordinates of the corresponding features in point by each stereo pair on the use of the same name point, and getting the high-precision exterior orientation elements data is the key point for solving actual location of features in point. Traditional photogrammetry determines the exterior orientation elements of the image by aerotriangulation method, but the process requires a large number of ground control points. With rapid development of the global positioning technology and the inertial navigation technology, the integrated DGPS/IMU System-so called POS system, that is introduced into the photogrammetry, using Dynamic differential GPS technology measured aerial position and velocity, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) measured instantaneous attitude, through rigorous data processing, to obtain the exterior orientation elements of aerial photograph, which can be realized high-precision direct-to-ground position without or less ground control, then can reduce the outside workload and the production cycle time, improve operational efficiency.The paper starting from the domestic and international POS-assisted aerial photogrammetry techniques, studying related principles, approaches, critical technologies and POS data process of aerial photogrammetry based on POS system. On this basis, from the POS data collection and processing to the use of POS data for the DOM production, combining two POS image data of different flight scales and the case of Applanix’s POS/AV. In this process, analyzing and comparing the experimental results of two measure areas respectively, that obtained by Direct Georeferencing method and Integrated Sensor Orientation method. A complete and viable solution of DOM production using POS-supported photogrammetry has been worked out within this research project.Finally, this paper give a summary of experimental results and related suggestion, It provided the direction and prospects for the further research of POS-supported photogrammetry in further.更多还原