【作者】 陈慧；

【导师】 罗惠华；

【作者基本信息】 武汉工程大学 ， 矿物加工工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对我国磷矿资源的用途、分布状况、磷矿选矿工艺和磷矿浮选药剂作了简要的概述。通过一系列的试验研究复配了一种常温低品位胶磷矿捕收剂,并对该捕收剂与矿物的作用机理做了一定程度的探讨。本试验选择了五种表面活性剂以不同复配比与棉油皂复配,五种表面活性剂分别是非离子型表面活性剂AMS,阴离子表面活性剂MS-1. AES.TAS.SDS和SDBS.在与棉油皂复配的五种表面活性剂中,表面活性剂AMS与棉油皂的最佳复配比是5%即捕收剂为WTS-1,捕收剂用量为1.8Kg/T时浮选效果最好；表面活性剂AES与棉油皂的最佳复配比是10%即捕收剂为WES-3,捕收剂用量为1.8Kg/T时浮选效果最好；表面活性剂TAS与棉油皂的最佳复配比是2.5%即捕收剂为WAS-0,捕收剂用量为1.8Kg/T时浮选效果最好；表面活性剂SDS与棉油皂的最佳复配比是5%即捕收剂为WDS-1,捕收剂用量为2.0Kg/T时浮选效果最好；表面活性剂SDBS与棉油皂的最佳复配比是5%即WBS-1,捕收剂用量为1.8Kg/T时浮选效果最好。通过对这五种最好的选矿效果进行比较确定捕收剂WTS-1在捕收剂用量为1.8Kg/T时浮选效果最好。在试验过程中,利用胶磷矿的粗选试验选择了AMS+MS-1作为与棉油皂脚复配的表面活性剂,并将这两种表面活性剂与棉油皂脚以低复配比复配成常温捕收剂用于大峪口低品位胶磷矿浮选工艺条件的探索。经过试验研究确定浮选工艺为正浮选一粗二精,反浮选一粗二扫选流程,在磨矿细度为-0.074mm 96.70%,矿浆温度为24°C,粗选碳酸钠用量7.0kg/t,水玻璃用量2.5kg/t,NO-2 0.8kg/t,捕收剂WTS-1 2.0kg/t,反浮选粗选硫酸用量18kg/t,磷酸3.0kg/t,WTS-1 0.5kg/t,一扫选硫酸9 kg/t,二扫选硫酸6 kg/t条件下,获得了磷精矿品位30.69%,产率44.48%,回收率79.37%的浮选指标。由此可知,这种捕收剂可以在常温条件下进行胶磷矿的浮选,并能达到较好的浮选指标。通过复配捕收剂与矿物的作用机理研究即浮选药剂的表面张力和起泡性能以及药剂与矿物作用前后的相对接触角、矿物表面电性和红外光谱试验研究表明,在pH≈10～1时,此复配捕收剂在一定用量下与矿物作用后在矿物表面吸附了脂肪酸类捕收剂,加大了磷矿与其共生的脉石矿物如硅酸盐矿物、碳酸盐矿物等的浮选性能的差异,有利于胶磷矿的浮选。本课题的目的是通过研究、研制和筛选,针对大峪口低品位胶磷矿确定适宜的常温复配捕收剂药剂和浮选药剂制度；另一方面,此捕收剂也将试验用于其它低品位胶磷矿的浮选,进一步验证此捕收剂对胶磷矿的浮选性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 The use and distribution of phosphate rock resources and process and a brief overview of the pharmacy of phosphorite flotation are introduced in this thesis. A collector applied to flotation at room temperature with a low grade phosphate rock collector is developed successfully during a series of complex experiments and the mechanism of the collector acting on phosphorite is researched in a certain extent.The non-ionics surface-active AMS and ams ion surface-active MS-1、AES、TAS、SDS、SDBS are selected to compound with cottonseed oil soap with different proportions during the experiment.The best recovery ratio of AMS and cottonseed oil soap is 5%, and the effect of flotation is best when the collector is WTS-1 in the volume of 1.8Kg/t; The best recovery ratio of AES and cottonseed oil soap is 10%, and the effect of flotation is best when the collector is WES-3 in the volume of 1.8Kg/t; The best recovery ratio of TAS and cottonseed oil soap is 2.5%, and the effect of flotation is best when the collector is WAS-0 in the volume of 1.8Kg/t; The best recovery ratio of SDS and cottonseed oil soap is 5%, and the effect of flotation is best when the collector is WDS-1 in the volume of 2.0Kg/t; The best recovery ratio of SDBS and cottonseed oil soap is 5%, and the effect of flotation is best when the collector is WBS-1 in the volume of 1.8Kg/t;By compare the five pharmaceutical systems is to detemine the effece of flotation is best whe the agent is WTS-1 in the volume of 1.8Kg/t.The AMS+MS-1 are selected as surfactant which is compound with cottonseed oil soap from other accessory surfactants during the experiment. And the two surfactants and cottonseed oil soap are mixed together at low recovery ratio as collector which is used to explore the best technological process of flotation of low grade phosphate of Dayukou at room temperature. The flotation process is confirmed as one rough and cleaning separation and two reverse roughing separation and two reverse sweep election for the fine through the experimental study. At the -0.074mm 96.70% of the grinding fineness and the 24℃of the temperature, the total usage of chemical agents is Na2CO37.0kg/t、Na2SiO3 2.5kg/t、WTS-1 2.0 kg/t in roughing and H2SO4 18kg/t、H3PO43.0kg/t、WTS-1 0.5kg/t in anti-flotation roughing and H2SO4 9kg/t in the first sweptin ofanti-flotation and H2SO46kg/t in the second scavenging of anti-flotation, The grade of concentrates exceeds 30.69% and the recovery of concentrates preponderates 79.37%, The conclusion is that the collector can be carried out at room temperature in phosphate rock flotation and achieved better flotation indicators.The study of surface tension and blistering sexualcontact, the relative angle,ζ-potential testing and the IR testing testified that collector of the fatty acids adsorption on the phosphorite occurs when pH=10～11, and increase flotation performance of the phosphate rock and coexistence of the minerals such as the silicate minerals, sodium carbonate mineral salt.The purpose of this study is determine the appropriate medicines which can be carried out at room temperature in phosphate rock flotation and medicines system through research, development and the filter, and float in the system takes.On the other hand, this medicine will be arrested the tests for other low tastes a phosphate flotation, and verify it’s flotation performance.更多还原