【作者】 杜勇；

【导师】 杨松林；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 摄影测量与遥感， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)是20世纪60年代发展起来的一种高精度对地观测新技术,具有快速、高精度、全天时、全天候、大区域等优势,受到国际测绘界的广泛重视。目前,利用合成孔径雷达干涉测量提取数字高程模型(DEM)已成为各国遥感领域研究的重要方向之一。本文旨在探求一种利用外部控制点对基线进行精校正的方法,从而提高DEM的精度。基线是合成孔径雷达干涉测量中的关键参数,它决定了干涉测量是否能够进行以及干涉测量最终结果的精度。基线对DEM的精度影响很大,是导致相干损失的根源,因此需要对基线进行精确估计。本文系统地阐述了InSAR. D-InSAR的基本原理及基线的概念,分析了基线对测高精度的影响,概括总结了目前常用的几种基线估计算法,并比较了不同方法的优缺点及适用条件。本文结合国家863项目“结合地面地震观测数据的多源时空遥感地震监测及灾害评估应用研究”科研课题展开研究,针对微波遥感方向,根据重复轨道干涉测量的基本原理,从基线空间几何关系出发,系统地研究了基线对测高精度的影响,分析了不同基线估计算法的理论模型和优缺点,重点对附加地面控制点的InSAR基线估计算法进行了研究,编写了“基于地面控制点的基线精校正软件(InSAR-BLFCA)",以汶川地震区域受灾较严重的都江堰地区的ENVISAT ASAR数据为研究对象,根据所编写的程序进行基线解算。实验结果表明,在有足够控制点的情况下,基线校正后生成的DEM基本能够达到国家1：50 000 DEM三级产品的精度指标要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) is a high precision earth observation technology developed since 1960’s. InSAR was widely noted by International Mapping Community for its advantages such as high-speed, high accuracy, full time, full weather and large area observations, etc. Currently, the use of InSAR to extract digital elevation model (DEM) has become one important direction of national remote sensing research field. This article aims to explore a method of using external ground control points to accurately correct baseline, thus to improve the accuracy of DEM.Baseline is key parameters in InSAR. It determines whether the interference measurement is able to carry out, and it also determines the accuracy of final results. The accuracy of baseline has a great impact on DEM. As baseline is the leading cause of coherence loss, we need to accurately estimate baseline.This article systematically illustrated the basic theory of InSAR/D-InSAR and the concept of baseline, analyzed the impact of baseline on the accuracy of measuring heights, summarized several baseline estimation methods that currently common used, and compared the advantages and disadvantages of these methods and their application conditions.In this article, I commenced my study combined with the research project of country 863 project "Application Research on Earthquake Monitoring and Disaster Assessment Using Multi-Source Space-time Remote Sensing Combined with Surface Seismic Observation Data". For the direction of microwave remote sensing, according to the basic principle of Repeat-track Interferometry, taking the spatial geometric relationship into account, systematically studied the accuracy of measuring heights caused by baseline, and analyzed the theory models of different baseline estimation algorithms and their advantages and disadvantages. Emphasis has been placed on researching the InSAR baseline estimation algorithms using additional ground control points, and writing a program of "InSAR Baseline Fine Correction Algorithm using Ground Control Points (InSAR-BLFCA)". In this study, take the ENVISAT ASAR data of Dujiangyan region that was serious damaged in Wenchuan Earthquake as research area, using the program to calculate baseline. The results show that, in the condition of enough ground control points, DEM generated after baseline correction can basically meet the accuracy index requirements of national 1:50 000 DEM level three products.更多还原