【作者】 郭欣欣；

【导师】 葛明桥；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 纺织工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 聚酯纤维作为一种高分子材料在各个行业中被广泛应用,同时,废弃聚酯的数量也在日渐增多,若不对废弃聚酯进行回收处理利用,不仅会造成资源浪费,而且还会给环境带来大量的污染,因此,废弃聚酯的回收利用成为了当前聚酯工业发展的重大研究课题。另外,近年来我国建筑能耗持续快速提升,建筑节能成为全社会关注的热点问题,而硬质聚氨酯泡沫是一种非常优秀的保温隔热材料,主要应用于外墙保温等工业用途,这可以增加建筑物内部的可用面积,对地价越来越昂贵的城市有特别的吸引力。因此将聚酯回收和聚氨酯泡沫二者有机地结合起来,不仅可以解决废弃聚酯的处理问题,而且得到的发泡材料强度高,质量轻,且成本低廉。本课题研究了乙二醇醇解废弃聚酯纤维的工艺条件,分析了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂含量等各种参数对醇解工艺的影响,采用扫描量热法DSC、热重法TGA、红外光谱IR等测试手段对醇解产物进行表征,并测试和分析了醇解产物的羟值和酸值,综合各种结果推断出醇解产物为对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。确定了醇解率可达到97.08%的醇解工艺条件为:温度为196℃,催化剂Zn（AC）₂?2H₂O含量为0.2%,反应时间2.5h。分析表明:醇解的主要产物是聚酯纤维的单体对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（BHET）,经结晶提纯后,BHET纯度可达96%。研究BHET的化学结构得知:在BHET的对位上有两个-OH,-OH可以与多异氰酸酯（PAPI）中的-NCO基发生反应,经过一系列的链增长、气体发生以及交联反应等制备聚氨酯泡沫材料。研究分析了泡沫催化剂和发泡剂等辅助原料对硬质聚氨酯泡沫压缩性能和密度的影响,并采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪、DSC、TGA和光镜等测试仪器对产物进行定性分析,确定产物结构为聚氨酯结构,产物熔点为156℃,分解温度为240℃,并了解了泡沫体的胞体结构,这种网络骨架和泡孔结构增强了泡沫体的支撑力,提高了压缩性能。结果表明当原料配比一定,催化剂0.32g、发泡剂0.8g时,得到聚氨酯泡沫有较高的压缩强度724kpa和较低的密度99 kg·m-3。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the PET, the amount of the PET is increasing, there will be a result in wastage of resources and a lot of white pollution, if we don’t recycle waste PET. So, the reseaech of resolving this problem has been a big object. The waste PET includes Waste PET fiber, waste PET bottle scrap, waste PET film, and so on. In this thesis, we use glycolysis to recycle the waste PET, and reuse it in to polyurethane foam.In addition, China’s building energy consumption is sustained and rapid upgrading in recent years. Building energy efficiency become to all the hot issues of social concern.The rigid polyurethane foam is a very good insulation material, it mainly used in external wall insulation, This can increase the usable area inside the building, more and more expensive cities on the land have special appeal. So we will organically combine the recovery polyester and polyurethane foam , it not only solve the disposal of waste polyester ,But also the foam material has high strength, light weight and low cost.This paper studied the glycol alcoholysis craft for waste PET fiber, analyzed the influence of reaction temperature, the reaction time and the catalyst density to the alcoholysis craft, The best glocoholysis craft is: at 196～198℃, ethylene glycol and waste polyester fiber weight ratio was 1:4, the glycolysis time was 2h,and 0.5% zinc acetate was used as catalyst. PET was thoroughly glycolysed and the glycolysis conversion rate is 97.08%. The glycolysis products were analyzed by hydroxyland acid values and identified by different techniques, such as DSC, IR. The glycolysis predominant glycolysis product was BHET monomer, its purity reached 96% after crystallization depuration.The chemical structure of BHET that: In BHET the right position on the two-OH, -OH can react with more isocyanate, after a series of chain growth, vapor, crosslinking reaction and preparation of polyurethane foam.This article discussed the influence of auxiliary materials,such as foam catalyst and foaming agent,on the compression performance and density of rigid polyurethane. The products were characterized by IR, DSC, optical microscope. determine the product structure of polyurethane, product of the melting point of 156℃, and to understand the cellular structure of foam, this network skeleton and the cell structure of foam support increased power, improves the compression performance.When a fixed proportion of raw materials, catalyst is 0.32g and foam is 0.8g, the result shows that polyurethane foam has higher compressive strenger and lower density.更多还原