【作者】 王勇；

【导师】 陈全；

【作者基本信息】 天津理工大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 事故致因因素包括能量物质或载体、物的不安全状态和人的不安全行为、管理因素三个层面。系统安全认为危险源是导致事故的根源,但目前关于危险源的定义尚不统一,主流的危险源理论有三种,这三种理论哪一种更适合在实际中应用,是迫切需要解决的问题。本文从分析当前主流的危险源理论入手,首先阐述了3种危险源理论的基本内容和研究现状;简要介绍了目前主流的事故致因理论,提出了事故致因因素系统模型,论述了3类事故致因因素(能量物质或载体、物的不安全状态和人的不安全行为、管理因素)之间的关系。其次,从危险源的识别、风险评价和控制三方面对现阶段的三种危险源理论进行了研究。主要论述了两类危险源理论中第二类危险源的风险评价;三类危险源理论中第三类危险源的识别;管理因素的控制;得出3种危险源理论的优缺点。并结合实例对能量单元理论进行了应用。最后,阐述了危险源风险评价和系统风险评价的关系。论述了3类事故致因因素重要度的评价方法和重要度的应用;并结合实例说明重要度评价的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Accident-causing factors include energy material or carrier, unsafe state of thing and unsafe behavior of person, and management aspect. The viewpoint of system safety is hazard is the source of accidents. But the definition of hazard is not uniform. There are three hazard theories,which one is more adaptive to apply is a problem needed to solve imminently.First of all, this paper analyzes the three hazard theories; then illustrates the basic content and current development of three hazard theories, and briefly introduced the mainstream accident-causing theories. The system model of accident-causing factor is put forward, which discusses the relation of accident-causing factors(energy material or carrier, unsafe state of thing and unsafe behavior of person, and management aspect).Secondly the three hazard theories are analyzed according to the identification & assessment & control of hazard. Mainly illustrates the assessment of second hazard, the identification of third hazard, the control of management aspect. The advantage and disadvantage of three theories are put forward. The energy unit theory is applied to a real example.In the end, the relation of hazard risk assessment and system risk assessment is analyzed. Then this paper discusses the method and application of importance assessment of three kind of accident-causing factor. The importance assessment is applied to a real example.更多还原