【作者】 李祥东；

【导师】 焦双健；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济社会快速发展和交通需求增加,全球交通基础建设不断增强,大大提高了交通运输和社会经济发展水平。相对于内陆区域,滨海地区经济发达,人口集中,交通网密集,由于滨海区域往往兼具大陆气候和海洋气候,而且气象灾害复杂而频发,每年滨海交通灾害都会给社会造成巨大损失。本文在对全球滨海地区发展现状、高速公路发展现状以及交通气象灾害状况的认真研究的基础上,探讨了我国滨海地区干线公路防灾现状及不足,借鉴了国内外气象灾害和交通灾害的研究,分析了滨海地区各气象灾害源的形成条件、灾害分类和发生规律。在此基础上提出了我国滨海干线公路交通灾害的防灾管理体系,由防灾策略、防灾工程和防灾规划组成。论文主要进行的工作。1.滨海公路气象灾害的防灾策略防灾策略的研究主要据各种灾害发生的规律和产生原因,提出建立和完善不同的气象预警体系；从灾前预防措施和灾后防治措施研究各种除灾和防灾的技术和方法,同时讨论加强综合管理、建立完善的分工制度和预警系统。2.滨海公路气象灾害的防灾工程防灾工程的研究是通过对灾害源产生的灾害进行分类,然后根据产生灾害提出防灾工程,通过综合对比,提倡生物防治工程,既环保,又持久、低碳、节约和可持续发展。3.滨海公路气象灾害的防灾规划防灾规划的研究主要根据各种气象灾害的特点,进行灾害区域划分,从公路网的选线和建立各种灾害的应急处理方面进行综合规划；同时根据我国滨海地区交通气象灾害预防方面存在的问题,提出建议,力求保证滨海交通的畅通,减轻交通灾害带来的损失或预防交通灾害发生。论文针对河北省的滨海区域进行了实例研究。目前,我国滨海交通气象灾害研究仍处于起步阶段,对高速公路的防灾管理也处在摸索和实践当中。本课题的研究还有很大的探讨空间,希望本文的工作能为未来滨海交通气象灾害的研究提供帮助。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the rapid development of economic society and more traffic demand, global transportation infrastructure is unceasingly equipped, which has greatly enhanced the transport capability and promoted the development of social economy. Relativley speaking, higher economy level, concentrated population as well as accumulated traffic network make coastal area has an impetus function for the development of inland.Coastal area locates itself between continents and oceans, possessing the characteristics of continental climate and marine climate, so meteorological disaster is complicated and frequent. What’s more, various adverse weather are having obvious influence on traffic, bringing huge economic losses for highway traffic every year.This paper reviews the influence of meteorological disasters on traffic, present development situation of highway in global coastal area and current study on this issue at home and abroad. Meanwhile, this paper studies the insufficient main road disaster-protection measures in coastal area. Based on meteorological disasters research in foreign and domestic countries, this paper, through analyzing how various meteorological disasters endanger the traffic in coastal areas and its producing conditions, types and regularity of the disasters as well as referencing a large number of literature, summarizes the main cause of road traffic accidents in Chinese coastal areas and offers the management of disaster prevention.The prevention measures are emphatically discussed in three chapters, i.e., disaster prevention strategy, disaster prevention project and prevention plan, including the disaster prevention strategies for each argument process of disasters. Concrete countermeasures study basically has the following points.1. Prevention stretegy for meteorological disasters in coastal.areasFrom the main law and causes of meteorological disasters, this paper offers prevention strategies, and then suggests building and perfecting different meteorological alarming system according to different disaster resources, at the same time, the paper will research methods and techniques for disaster prevention, and finally, it will aims to strengthen management, establish and perfect division system and warning system.2. Prevention engineering for highway meteorological disasters in coastal.areas Based on classification of meteorological disasters, this paper offers the corresponding prevention projects, which includes prevention project before disaster and government project after disaster. Besides, this chapter will discuss the special engineering measures, namely, biological control and environmental protection, conforming to sustainable development of our country.3. Prevention plan for highway meteorological disasters in coastal.areasAccording to the characteristics of various disasters and disaster prevention measures, this article mainly makes prevention plans from choosing network and establishing disaster emergency treatment, and offers suggestions for prevention deficiency of China’s transportation meteorological disasters, to ensure the smooth traffic and reduce transport disasters in coastal areas. The Paper study Coastal areas of Hebei Province for an example.At present, China’s coastal traffic meteorological disaster research is still in the initial stage and the effective management for highway is in exploration and practice stag. In this study, there are still rooms for research. I hope this work will be help for the future of Meteorological disaster and transport disaster in coastal area.更多还原