【作者】 张秀英；

【导师】 同春芬；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 行政管理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着信息技术的高速发展,企业和政府都将信息化建设作为提升自身能力的重要手段,电子商务和电子政务发展迅速。但受经济发展水平等多种因素的制约,我国农村的信息化建设起步晚,发展水平严重落后,城乡数字差距显著。农村信息化建设可以促进农民增收；促进农村基层民主政治的发展；有利于农村精神文明建设,丰富农村的文化生活；促进农民就业,提高农村居民的整体素质。新农村建设开始后,国家对农村信息化建设的更加重视,农村信息化建设的构想更具实践性,农村的信息化建设步伐加快。本文通过对我国农村信息化发展历程和发展现状的论述,主要论述我国农村信息化建设存在的问题及原因分析,最后在新公共服务理论的指导下,政府应如何促进农村信息化建设。新公共服务理论认为,政府的主要作用在于服务,实现社会公共利益的最大化,而不仅是掌舵,政府应该重视人而不只是生产率。其本质在于它的公共性和社会性,通过给予公民个体的价值观和利益以充分的关注,强调政府在民主沟通的基础上,构建公民需求利益表达与公共服务评价的有效机制,以实现政府与民众的对话交流。新公共服务理论对我国农村的信息化建设具有重要的启示作用。政府在农村信息化建设的具体实践中,应从以下几个方面努力：第一,加强政府在我国农村信息化建设中的管理职能。我国的农村信息化发展处于起步阶段,管理体系还不完善,政府的管理职能未能很好的发挥。农村信息化要发展就要有制度和资金的保障,只有管理体系完善了,才能保证合理的使用资金,才能使信息化建设走上法制化的轨道,政府的组织管理角色才能发挥更大的作用,才能更好的发挥政府的服务职能。第二,带动社会参与积极性。我国农村地域广阔,人口众多,要快速实现农村的信息化,只依靠政府的力量,进展将会非常缓慢,因此,基层政府必须要加强对农村信息化的重要性的认识,同时加大对农村信息化重要性的宣传,带动农户、企业、各种非政府组织的积极性,发挥农民的主力军作用,发挥农村龙头企业和各通信企业的积极作用,积极利用社会各方的力量。第三,健全村民需求表达机制,完善农村信息化建设中的决策机制。在决策的过程中要选派一定数量的农民代表,让农民有发言权,促进公民利益表达和政府回应的互动机制进行民主管理和民主决策。,形成政府与农民的共同决策模式。第四,农村信息化的发展要采取多种模式。我国农村地域辽阔,农村地区经济发展水平差异较大,不能照搬一种模式,在推广试点经验的基础上,因地制宜,根据农村实际的发展水平,将传统信息传播模式和现代信息技术充分结合,发展适合农村的信息化建设模式。第五,完善农村信息化建设的评价体系,加强对政府的监督。强化政策的执行力度,最大限度的发挥政策的积极作用,改变以往农村信息化建设只重视硬件设施的建设而忽视应用的情况,注重发挥政策的实际效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of information technology,both companies and government take the development of information technology as an important means of impoving their capacity, E-commerce and e-government develop rapidly.But by the constraints of the level of economic development and other factors,China’s rural information construction started late, the level of rural development seriously lagged behind the city, urban and rural digital divide seriously.Rural information construction can increase the income of peasants, and promote the development of rural grass-roots democracy,it also can promote spiritual civilization in rural areas and enrich the cultural life of rural areas, it can promote employment of farmers and improve the overall quality of rural residents.After the beginning of new rural construction,the government pay more attention to rural information construction,the idea of rural information is more practical,the pace of the rural information construction is speeding up.Through the exposition of the process of rural information construction and its development status,analyse the main problems of rural information construction.Under the guidance of the new public service, government should take measures to expedite the construction of rural information.The new public services theory believes that the government’s main role is service, To achieve the maximization of social and public interests, the government should pay more attention to people and not just productivity. Its essence lies in its public nature and society, and by paying more attention to citizens’values and interests, in order to achieve dialogue between the government and the public exchange,government should build an effective mechanism for the expression and evaluation of public service. The new public services theory has an important enlightenment in rural information construction. Government should take measures to promote the rural information construction.1.Strengthen the government’s management function in the construction of rural information.China’s rural development information is at the initial stage,the management system isn’t perfect,the government’s administrative functions can not play well.System and fund are necessary to rural information development,only perfect management system can ensure the rational use of funds,and take the construction of the information onto the track of the legal system, the role of government can play a bigger role,and play the government’s service functions.beitter.2.Promote community’s involvement initiative.China’s rural areas is vast, and have a large population.Only rely on the strength of the government,the progress of rural information construction will be very slow, therefore, the primary government must strengthen rural’s awareness of the importance of information, play farmer’s and enterprises’s major role, use of social forces of all parties.3.Encourage farmers to express their needs,improve the decision-making mechanism.Government should select a certain number of representatives of farmers to participate in the decision-making process, so that farmers have the power to speak, to promote interaction between government and farmers,then government and farmers make decision together, government shaped democratic management and democratic decision-making.4.The development of rural information construction should take a variety of modes.China’s vast rural areas,and large differences in economic development,so we can’t copy a model,according to the actual level of development in rural areas,develop the proper model of rural development.5.Improve the evaluation mechanism of the rural information construction, strengthen the supervision of the government. Strengthen the implementation of policies,maximize the positive role played by policy in rural information construction, we should pay more attention to the application of hardware,attention should be paid to the practical effects of policy too.更多还原