【作者】 苏殿斌；

【导师】 赵刚； 龙友松；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 机械工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 压力容器几乎是所有工业生产、科学研究和人民生活中广泛使用的一种承压设备。压力容器的制造是关系国民经济发展的重要领域,其应用范围和重要性正日益扩大和增长。压力容器制造技术涉及到冶金、机械加工、焊接、腐蚀与防腐、无损检测、安全防护等众多行业,因此制造过程要求多行业、多学科、多方面的协作共同来完成。甲醇合成反应器是煤化工装置中最重要的设备之一。由于甲醇合成反应器结构复杂,制造难度大,其中关键部件制造技术如筒体成形技术研究、管板堆焊防变形措施研究、产品总装工艺技术研究和检验技术氨渗漏试验几乎涉及压力容器制造过程中的大部分关键制造工艺,研究总结甲醇合成反应器的制造工艺,对我国煤化工领域有着重要意义。本文制定了单节筒体成形方案及管板堆焊防变形措施研究,采取一定的工艺措施,提出了以防为主的解决方案；甲醇合成反应器的总装工艺的研究过程中,确定了总装的最后一条环缝,装焊成两大段后再装隔板,调整两大段旋向位置,保证同轴,并注意到穿管需要特定的穿管顺序,研究整体总装工艺顺序后,使得产品总装顺利进行；氨渗漏试验是检验容器是否连接有效的较严格的手段之一,提出了氨渗漏试验工艺守则和解决问题的方案,使氨渗漏试验得以实施。通过甲醇合成反应器的成功制造,验证了我们在制造过程中提出的方案的是可行的,并取得了良好的效果。甲醇合成反应器制造成功为我厂在今后制造大型的高精度管壳式换热反应器积累了宝贵的经验；也标志着我国大型高精度设备制造国产化水平又上了一个新的台阶。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pressure vessels are pressure-retaining equipments which are widely used in almost all the areas of industry production、scientific research and human life.The production of pressure vessels play a great role in the national economy, Its application and importance increase by days.The manufacture technology of pressure vessels involve the areas of metallurgy、mechanical manufacture、welding、corrosion and corrosion protection、non destructive testing、safety protection and so on.So it needs the cooperation of different area、different subject、different aspect to work together.The methanol synthesis reactor is one of the most important equipment in the coal chemical industry.With a complex structure,it is difficult to manufacture,almost all the key manufacture technology of the pressure vessels is involved here, for example:ylinder fabrication,the precaution of deformation when using overlay welding on the tube-sheet, final assembly and ammonia leakage test.Making studies on the manufacture technology have great means in the coal chemical industry.In the paper we set down the single cylinder fabrication plan and the precaution of deformation when using overlay welding on the tube-sheet, it was through certain technical methods mainly by precaution. Talking about the final assembly, we determine the last circular seam, assemble the support plates after the equipment has being two big parts, adjust the position of two parts to make sure coaxial, and we also pay attention to the sequence of tube-inserting. All of these measures ensure the final assembly can smoothly go. The ammonia leakage test is a strict way to check the vessels.We set down the process specification and solution plan.The successful manufacture of the methanol synthesis reactor prove that our plan is feasible and works well. It also accumulate valuable experience for our company when we manufacture such big and high precision shell-and-tube heat exchangers.And the localization of big and high precision equipments manufacture in our country improve on a new level.更多还原