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控释尿素对土壤氨挥发、氮素养分和微生物多样性及小麦产量的影响
Effects of Controlled Release Urae on Soil Ammonia Volatilization, Nitrogen Nutrient, Microbal Diversity and Yield of Wheat
【作者】 刘蕊;
【导师】 宋付朋;
【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 , 土壤学, 2010, 硕士
【摘要】 针对现代农业生产中氮肥的大量施用所造成的严重生态问题,研究包膜控释尿素的氨挥发损失、土壤氮素变化、对土壤微生物多样性的影响以及小麦的生长效应,阐明控释尿素的农学和生态效应,为控释尿素的推广应用和可持续农业的发展提供科学理论和实践依据。采用田间试验和室内化验分析相结合的方法,研究了控释尿素对土壤氨挥发、氮素养分和微生物多样性及小麦产量的影响,主要研究结果如下:1.与普通尿素相比,控释尿素能够有效推迟土壤氨挥发速率峰值的出现3-5天,降低土壤氨挥发速率峰值44.44%~69.51%、减少整个小麦生育期土壤氨挥发累积损失量39.31%~52.11%,树脂膜控释尿素减少氨挥发损失效果显著优于硫膜控释尿素,土壤氨挥发累积损失量比硫膜控释尿素降低了13.21%~21.08%。2.硫膜和树脂膜控释尿素在整个小麦生育期内能够维持耕层土壤较高的硝态氮、铵态氮和全氮含量水平,尤其是其释放高峰延迟到小麦拔节期之后,使土壤速效氮(硝态氮、铵态氮)含量持续升高有利于小麦攻穗,达到了氮肥后移的效果;降低了剖面下部土层中速效氮和全氮的含量,有效维持了剖面上部土层氮素水平,阻滞了氮素养分的淋溶损失;其中树脂膜控释尿素... 更多
【Abstract】 Modern agricultural production has caused severely environmental contamination by applying excessively readily available fertilizers in order to pursue high yielding. The effects of controlled release urea on soil ammonia volatilization, nitrogen nutrient, microbial diversity and wheat yield were researched to illustrate the agricultural and ecological effects of controlled released urea. This can provide theoretical supports for the application of controlled released urea and the development of... 更多
【Key words】 Controlled release urea; Wheat; Soil ammonia volatilization; Soil nitrogen; Microbial diversity; Nitrogen use efficiency;