【作者】 徐春松；

【导师】 邵建中；

【作者基本信息】 浙江理工大学 ， 纺织化学与染整工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 节能、环保、高效是21世纪染整工业可持续发展的方向。纺织品前处理的能耗和污染是染整加工中最突出的问题,因此开发环保型低温高效助剂,进行前处理工艺革新,势在必行。无AOX污染的双氧水漂白技术因其良好的漂白效果和广泛的适用性,越来越广泛地应用于纺织品漂白中。然而,常规双氧水漂白一般需在接近沸点的条件下进行,不仅能耗大,且易造成纤维的过度损伤。尤其对于多组分面料,常规双氧水漂白容易导致某组分严重损伤或另一组分漂白不足的情况。本论文针对双氧水漂白技术存在的问题,研制环保经济型双氧水漂白活化剂,开发棉纱线和织物的低温漂白工艺,为攻克含棉织物的漂白难点并实现纺织染整业的节能降耗作有益探索。本论文研究了双氧水漂白活化剂异壬酰氧苯磺酸钠（INOBS）的合成,探讨了各合成工艺因素对产率的影响,优化了INOBS的合成工艺,并应用FTIR和HPLC分析技术表征INOBS的结构和计算INOBS的产率。INOBS合成的优化工艺为:二氯亚砜和异壬酸的物质的量比为1.3︰1,在35℃条件下回流反应2h,经常压蒸馏和减压蒸馏,即可收集到产物异壬酰氯,收率为95%。然后,以碳酸钠和氢氧化钠的混合溶液作为反应体系,在相转移催化剂的作用下,异壬酰氯与对羟基苯磺酸钠的物质量比为1.3:1,室温条件下反应时间2h,即可合成INOBS,产率为76%。在研制双氧水活化剂INOBS的基础上,构建H₂O₂/INOBS低温漂白体系,并系统研究INOBS对H₂O₂漂白的活化作用和各因素对H₂O₂/INOBS漂白效果的影响。H₂O₂/INOBS的棉纱漂白优化工艺为: 30% H₂O₂ 6g/L,INOBS 3g/L（H₂O₂与INOBS物质的量比6:1）,pH值8⁹,稳定剂和渗透剂均为1g/L,漂白温度70℃,漂白时间60min,浴比1:20。H₂O₂/INOBS体系联合生物酶技术的纯棉针织物的前处理优化工艺为:30%H₂O₂ 8g/L, INOBS 4g/L,生物酶6g/L,pH 9,温度80℃,时间60min,渗透剂JFC和稳定剂均为1g/L,浴比1:20。结果表明,INOBS能够去除一定的油脂蜡质,与H₂O₂作用产生的过异壬酸在低温条件下具有理想的漂白效果,对节能降耗和生态环保具有重要意义。与壬酰氧苯磺酸钠（NOBS）比较,INOBS的合成原料异壬酸的成本远低于NOBS的合成原料壬酸,中间体异壬酰氯的减压蒸馏比壬酰氯的减压蒸馏温度低,易控制和操作,且H₂O₂/INOBS体系的应用效果与H₂O₂/NOBS体系相仿。因此,在纺织品漂白中,INOBS更具有实际应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy saving, environmental protection, and high efficiency are the sustainable development directions of dyeing and finishing industry in the 21st century. The energy consumption and pollution in textile pre-treatment are the most prominent problems in dyeing and finishing process. Thus, it is imperative to develop environment-friendly, low-temperature and high-performance agent for pre-treatment innovation. Hydrogen peroxide bleaching process without AOX pollution were more and more widely used in textile bleaching because of its excellent bleaching effect and wide applicability. However, the conventional hydrogen peroxide bleaching process was usually close to boiling point, which consumes much energy and easily results in excessive damage of fibers. Especially for multi-component fabrics, conventional hydrogen peroxide bleaching may easily lead to serious damage for one component and poor whiteness for another component. According to the problems of hydrogen peroxide bleaching technology, in this paper, environmentally friendly hydrogen peroxide bleaching activator was developed and low-temperature bleaching process for cotton yarn and fabric was optimized,which was significant to overcome difficulties in cotton fabric bleaching and achieve energy-saving in dyeing and finishing industry.In this paper, the synthesis process of INOBS, an activator of hydrogen peroxide bleaching, was optimized by comparing different factors on yield .The structure and yield of INOBS were analyzed by FTIR and HPLC. The optimal synthesis process is as follows: isononanoic acid and thionyl chloride reflowed at at 35℃for 2h with molar ration 1.3:1. After atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation, the yield of isononanoyl chloride was up to 95%. Under the NaOH-Na2CO3 buffer system, isononanoyl chloride and sodium phenolsulfonate, with molar ration 1.3:1, reacted with phase transfer catalyst at room temperature for 2h to synthesize INOBS and the yield reached 76%.On the basis of INOBS development, the low temperature bleaching system of H₂O₂/INOBS was established. And the activating effect of INOBS on H₂O₂ bleaching was investigated and the mechamism was analysed. The optimal H₂O₂/INOBS activating process on cotton yarn was as follows: 6g/L 30%H₂O₂, 3g/L INOBS （the mol ratio of INOBS to H₂O₂ 1: 6） 1g/L stabilizing agent and 1g/L penetrant were mixed together at 70℃for 60min when pH was 8⁹ and the bath ratio was 1: 20. The optimal pretreatment process of H₂O₂/INOBS activating system associationg with enzyme on cotton was as follows: 8g/L 30%H₂O₂,4g/L INOBS （the mol ratio of INOBS to H₂O₂ 1:6）, 1g/L stabilizing agent and 1g/L penetrant were mixed together at 80℃for 60min with bath ratio 1: 20 when pH 9. The results show that, INOBS could remove some oil wax and isononanoic peracid produced by H₂O₂ and INOBS has good bleaching effect. The H₂O₂/INOBS activating bleaching technique is beneficial for saving energy and reducing pollution.Compared with NOBS,the synthesis cost of INOBS is far less than NOBS because of the lower price of isononanoic acid. Isononanoyl chloride distillation under reduced pressure was easier than nonanoyl chloride and the bleaching effect of H₂O₂/INOBS system is not less than H₂O₂/NOBS system. Thus, INOBS had practical application value in the textile bleaching.更多还原