【作者】 董娅佩；

【导师】 董相廷；

【作者基本信息】 长春理工大学 ， 无机化学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 纳米Ti02作为一种光催化材料,在环境保护、光能转换、工业催化等领域有着极为广泛的应用。但是Ti02只能被波长较短的紫外光激发(入<387nm),因此对太阳能利用率很低。通过对Ti02掺杂改性能够增大其可见光响应范围,提高量子效率,从而提高它的光催化活性。静电纺丝技术作为一种制备一维纳米材料的重要方法,因设备简单,适用范围广而倍受瞩目。应用静电纺丝技术制备纳米带及其性质和应用研究,是个有价值的研究课题。本文采用溶胶凝胶法配制出前驱体溶液,用静电纺丝技术制备掺杂四种稀土离子的PMMA/[Ti(OC4H9)4+Gd(phen)2(sal)2Cl], PMMA/[Ti(OC4H9)4+Nd(phen)2(sa l)2Cl], PMMA/[Ti(OC4H9)4+La(phen)2(sal)2Cl], PMMA/[Ti(OC4H9)4+Y(phen)2(sal)2 PMMA/Ti(OC4H9)复合纳米带,经高温煅烧后得到Gd/TiO2、Nd/TiO2、La/Ti O2、Y/TiO2和纯Ti02纳米带。并用XRD、SEM、TG-DTA及FTIR等分析手段对样品进行系统表征。结果表明：焙烧后纳米带均为规则的一维结构,平均宽度约为60-80μm,平均厚度为300nm左右。以罗丹明B,甲基橙以及感光废液为目标降解物,系统研究纯TiO2、Gd/TiO2、Nd/TiO2、La/TiO2和Y/TiO2纳米带的光催化性能。结果表明,稀土离子的掺杂量、降解液的pH、催化剂的添加量和焙烧温度对光催化性能有一定影响。掺杂摩尔分数为0.5%Nd3+的光催化剂对罗丹明B的降解效率较高,掺杂1.0%Gd3+的光催化剂对甲基橙具有较好的降解活性,掺杂1.0%Gd3+的光催化剂对感光废液具有较好的降解活性。因此,掺杂不同稀土离子的TiO2纳米带光催化剂对不同有机物具有选择性降解活性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nano- TiO2 particles, a prospective photocatalytic material, have very wide applications in areas such as environmental protection, solar energy conversion and industrial catalysts. TiO2 was only excited by shorter UV and the solar energy utilization is low. Dope of TiO2 is an important way to achieve visible response and to improve the quantum efficiency, thus photocatalytic activity can be greatly improved. Electrospinning technique is an important method to prepare one-dimension nanostructures and has drawn much awareness from scientists owing to its simple equipments and extensive adaptability. Research on the preparation, properties and application of nanobelts by electrospinning will be a valuable subject.In this dissertation, we firstly prepared precursor solution using sol-gel method, then synthesized PMMA/[Ti(OC4H9)4+Gd(phen)2(sal)2Cl],PMMA/[Ti(OC4H9)4+Nd(P hen)2(sal)2Cl],PMMA/[Ti(OC4H9)4+La(phen)2(sal)2Cl],PMMA/[Ti(C4H9)4+Y(phen)2s al)2Cl] and PMMA/Ti(OC4H9)4 composite nanobelts by electrospinning, and finally fabricated TiO2, Gd/TiO2, Nd/TiO2, La/TiO2 and Y/TiO2 nanobelts by calcinations of the relevant composite nanobelts. The samples were characterized by XRD,SEM, TG-DTA and FTIR. The results showed that nanobelts were regular one-dimensional structure and the thickness was about 300nm, and mean width ranged from 60μm to 80μm.Besides, the photocatalytic properties of TiO2, Gd/TiO2, Nd/TiO2, La/TiO2 and Y/TiO2 nanobelts on Rhodamine B, methyl orange and photographic waste liquid were investigated. The results showed impact factors for photocatalytic property were the added amount of catalyst, pH of degradation of the solution, volume of rare-earth-doped and the calcination temperature. The photocatalyst doped with (in Mole, the same below) 0.5%Nd3+ could degrade the rhodamine B effectively, while nano-TiO2 doped with 1.0%Gd3+ displayed an excellent activity in degrading the methyl orange, and nano-TiO2 doped with 1.0%Gd3+ demonstrated an excellent activity in degrading the photographic waste liquid. The photocatalysts doped with different rare-earth ions showed a selective degrading activity to different degradation agents.更多还原