【摘要】 基于12 a的定位试验研究了长期不同施肥管理下水旱轮作水稻土耕层土壤磷含量及土壤磷素盈亏的演变动态。结果表明,不供应含磷肥料的条件下,土壤全磷及有效磷（Olsen-P）含量随时间推移而缓慢下降,土壤磷素处于亏缺状态;供应含磷肥料（无机肥或有机肥）的条件下,土壤全磷及有效磷含量随时间推移呈缓慢上升趋势,且在供应有机肥的条件下,土壤全磷及有效磷含量上升较快,试验期间土壤磷素处于盈余状态。在本试验条件下,大麦季时,维持土壤有效磷（Olsen-P）平衡所需的磷（P₂O₅）投入量为13.5 kg·hm^-2;单季稻时,维持磷平衡所需的磷投入量为42.4 kg·hm^-2;油菜季时,维持磷平衡所需的磷投入量为31.6 kg·hm^-2。更多还原

【Abstract】 The changes of phosphorus in topsoil under paddy-upland rotation was studied through a long-term field fertilizer experiment. It was shown that the contents of total phosphorus and Olsen-P exhibited a decreasing trend without P supply, and the soil P balance was defect; while the contents of total phosphorus and Olsen-P exhibited an increasing trend with P supply either in organic or inorganic form. With organic P supply, the contents of total phosphorus and Olsen-P increased more rapidly than that with inorganic P supply, and the soil P balance was surplus. Under the experiment conditions, phosphorus input should not exceed 13.5, 42.4, 31.6 kg·hm^-2 in barley, rice, rape growing season, respectively, to meet the crop growth requirement and keep soil Olsen-P balance.更多还原