【摘要】 石油地质学理论及勘探技术发展到今天,在钻预探井之前,只要运用高质量地震资料,通过邻区井标定,经过深入的综合研究,就能较准确地预测生油层、储层、盖层、圈闭及保存条件,唯独石油运移条件因缺乏直接资料而成为目前石油地质学中最难研究的一个课题。运移也是流体矿藏与固体矿藏最主要的差别,近几年出现的新学科——成藏动力学就是研究石油从生成到聚集的整个过程。大量勘探实践证明,运移条件是油气成藏的核心要素,汇油面积决定了油田的规模:凹陷内烃源岩及其邻近输导层的产状控制了油气二次运移的方向,从而控制了主力油田的位置;箕状凹陷缓坡带高部位的构造最易形成大油田,而长条形生油凹陷两端的构造不易形成大油田;隆(凸)起上长轴平行于生油凹陷长轴的构造易于形成大油田,而垂直于生油凹陷长轴的构造常常不富集石油。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to today ’s petroleum geology theory and exploration technology,it is capable to more accurately predict oil source rocks,reservoirs,seals,traps and preservation conditions before drilling a preliminary exploratory well,so long as there are the high-quality seismic data,the calibration from neighboring-area wells and the deep and comprehensive researches,and oil migration is the only difficult problem in today ’s petroleum geology because of the lack of direct migration data. Migration is also one of the main differences between the fluid and solid mineral deposits,and the new subject developed in recent years,petroleum accumulation dynamics,is to study the whole process from oil generation to accumulation. Numerous exploration practices have proved that migration is the key factor to form hydrocarbon accumulation,and that oil collecting area will determine oilfield size. In a sag,the source rocks and their occurrence adjacent to the carrier rocks will control the direction of secondary oil migration,and then the main-oilfield position. It is most probable to form major oilfields in the structures on high gentle slopes in a half-graben sag,and at the two ends of an elongated oil-generation sag,it will be difficult to form major oilfields. On an uplift( or a salient),it will be easy to form major oilfields in the structures whose axes are parallel to the long axis of an oil-generation sag,and oil will often not be enriched in the structures whose axes are perpendicular to the long axis of an oil-generation sag.更多还原