【摘要】 为深入理解高寒草甸退化过程中根际和非根际土壤中碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)的化学计量特征和土壤养分的变化规律,并获得退化草地土壤养分和微生物养分限制的信息,本研究以祁连山东缘4个不同退化程度高寒草甸为对象,通过采集优势植物根际土(0～2 mm)和非根际土(0～10 cm)的土壤样品,分析了土壤C、N、P浓度和比例,土壤中可提取的C、N、P(Ext-C、Ext-N、Ext-P)的浓度和比例,参与C、N、P循环的胞外酶(β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶、N-乙酰-β-D-葡萄糖苷酶、亮氨酸基肽酶、酸性磷酸酶)的活性和比例,以及土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷(MBC、MBN、MBP)的含量及比例.结果表明:高寒草甸退化过程中优势植物根际养分含量高于非根际养分.随着高寒草甸退化程度的加剧,其土壤的C∶N∶P发生重大改变,表现出C∶N的严重失调,表明草地退化程度越高受到N的限制越严重.不同退化程度的高寒草甸中,经过对数转化的根际C-、N-和P-胞外酶的比例均偏离了在全球生态系统分析中获得的1∶1∶1比例,表明高寒草甸退化主要受到强烈的N限制,P次之.高寒草甸地区土壤全量养分含量较高,土壤中的速效养分较低,成为阻碍牧草生长的限制因子.更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aimed to understand the stoichiometric characteristics of carbon(C), nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) and soil nutrients in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils and to obtain information on the status of soil and microbial nutrient limitation in degraded alpine meadow. We collected soil samples from rhizosphere(0-2 mm) of dominant plant species and non-rhizosphere(0-10 cm) of the alpine meadow with four different degraded degrees in the Qilian Mountains. We measured the concentration of C, N and P and extractable C, N, P(Ext-C, Ext-N, Ext-P), the activity and proportion of extracellular enzymes(β-1, 4-glucosidase, β-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase and acid phosphatase) involved in C, N, P cycles, as well as soil microbial biomass(MBC, MBN, MBP). The results showed that nutrient concentrations in the rhizosphere of dominant species was higher than that in non-rhizosphere. With the increases of degradation degree, soil C:N:P changed significantly, and resulted in a serious imbalance of C:N and severe N limitation. In the degraded alpine meadows, the ratio of log-transformed rhizosphere C-, N-and P-extracellular enzymes deviated from the 1:1:1 of global ecosystem, indicating that nutrient supply was mainly restricted by N and followed by P. The contents of soil total nutrients in degraded alpine meadow was relatively high, but the contents of soil available nutrients were low, which would hinder plant growth.更多还原