【摘要】 目前地应力测量方法有很多种,可分为力学法、地球物理法及地质构造信息法等。在分析各种测量方法特点的基础上,介绍适用于深部煤矿巷道的地应力快速测量方法——小孔径水压致裂地应力测量法,包括小孔径水压致裂地应力测量原理、测量装置的组成部分和技术特征。在我国煤矿典型的深部矿区——新汶矿区井下巷道中,完成9个测点的地应力测量。其中5个测点的埋深超过1000m,最深达1220m。测量结果表明,7个测点的最大水平主应力大于垂直主应力;最大水平主应力高达42.1 MPa;最大水平主应力与垂直主应力的比值为1.004～1.550;新汶矿区超过1 000 m深井地应力以水平应力为主,最大水平主应力方向主要集中在N3°E～N43.5°W。通过井下实测,确定出所测区域地应力状态及其分布规律。同时证明,小孔径水压致裂地应力测量法可为深部矿井提供有效、快速的地应力测量手段,为深部巷道布置和支护设计优化提供可靠的基础参数。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are many kinds of in-situ stress measurement methods at present,which can be classified into mechanical,geophysical and geological structure information methods.Based on the analysis of the features of various stress measurement methods,a new method—hydraulic fracturing in-situ stress measurement with small borehole,which is suitable for rapid in-situ stress measurement in deep coal mine roadways,is introduced.The in-situ stress measurement principle,device and technical properties are introduced.Nine points of in-situ stress measurement have been completed in underground roadways in typical deep coal mining area,Xinwen coal mining area in China.There are 5 measurement points with buried depth more than 1 000 m,and the maximum is 1 220 m.The measurement results indicate that:(1) there are 7 measurement points with the maximum horizontal principal in-situ stress more than the vertical principal stress;(2) the value of the maximum horizontal principal stress amounts to 42.1 MPa;(3) the ratios of the maximum horizontal principal stresses to the vertical principal stress are 1.004–1.550;and(4) the in-situ stress field in Xinwen coal mining with buried depth more than 1 000 m is dominated by horizontal stress;and the orientations of the maximum horizontal principal stresses mainly concentrate on N3°E–N43.5°W.The in-situ stress states and the distribution law in the measured area have been determined through the measurement results.It is also proved that the hydraulic fracturing in-situ stress measurement with small borehole can provide an effective and rapid stress method for deep mines and can offere reliable basic parameters for roadway layout and support design.更多还原