【摘要】 以滴灌方式通过少量多次向土壤施用酸化剂,研究不同酸化剂对石灰性土壤的酸化效果及对玉米磷吸收的影响,以期为提高石灰性土壤的磷素有效性提供理论依据。试验设置对照及两种酸化剂(磷酸脲,硫酸铵+氯甲基吡啶),酸化剂投入量相当于P2O5=60或120 kg/hm~2的等价酸,共计5个处理。施用酸化剂显著降低局部土壤pH值,磷酸脲的作用最佳,土壤pH值最大降幅为0.11个单位,同时也显著提高土壤有效磷含量;在等养分投入和管理水平下,施用酸化剂能增加玉米植株的生物量,提高植株的磷素累积量,且与对照相比,120 kg/hm~2的硫酸铵+氯甲基吡啶处理的玉米产量提高了8.3%。滴灌条件硫酸铵+氯甲基吡啶的酸化效果优于磷酸脲,且高酸化剂量土壤酸化强度较大。滴灌条件下施用酸化剂或酸性肥料是提高石灰性土壤养分有效性和作物增产的一种有效方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper,acidification agent was applied to soil by drip irrigation,and the acidification effects of different acidifiers on calcareous soils and their effects on phosphorus uptake of maize were studied to provide a theoretical basis for improving the phosphorus availability of calcareous soil.The test was set up with five treatments,including two acidifiers(urea phosphate,ammonium sulfate+chloromethyl pyridine)and a check treatment,and the amount of acidifier was corresponded to equivalent acid of P2 O5=60 or 120 kg/hm~2.The application of acidifier significantly decreased the local soil pH,and the effect of urea phosphate was the best.The maximum decrease of soil pH was 0.11 units,and the available phosphorus content of the soil was also significantly increased.Under the condition of identical nutrient input and management,the application of acidifier increased the biomass and the phosphorus accumulation of corn plants,and the yield of 120 kg/hm~2 ammonium sulfate+chloropyridine-treated corn increased by 8.3% compared with the control.Under the drip irrigation condition,the acidification effect of ammonium sulfate+chloromethylpyridine was better than that of urea phosphate,and the acidification intensity of the soil with high acidification dosage was stronger.The application of acidifiers or acid fertilizers under drip irrigation is an effective method to improve the nutrient availability and crop yield in calcareous soils.更多还原