【摘要】 选择浙江省5种典型林型(杉木林、毛竹林、阔叶林、针阔混交林、马尾松林)枯落物及林下土壤作为研究对象,布设30m×30m标准样地,枯落物水文效应测定采用浸泡法,土壤层水文效应测定采用环刀法。结果表明:不同林分类型枯落物蓄积量大小介于10.14～25.07t/hm2,排列顺序分别为针阔混交林>阔叶林>马尾松林>杉木林>毛竹林;最大持水量大小介于21.82～33.64t/hm2,排列顺序为针阔混交林>阔叶林>杉木林>马尾松林>毛竹林;有效拦蓄量大小介于16.8～24.84t/hm2,其排序为针阔混交林>杉木林>阔叶林>马尾松林>毛竹林;5种森林类型枯落物的持水量均随浸水时间而增大并逐步趋于稳定,其关系符合对数函数;前0.5h内枯落物吸水速率最大,1h之后吸水速率急剧降低,而后随着时间的推移,枯落物的吸水速率趋于统一,其关系呈幂函数关系;5种森林类型林下土壤容重、非毛管孔隙度、孔隙度、持水能力等指标差异并不显著,土壤持水力均值介于201.86～296.63t/hm2。综合来看,阔叶林及含有阔叶树种的林分持水能力相对高于针叶林。更多还原

【Abstract】 Selecting litter and soil of five typical forest types(Chinese fir forest,moso bamboo forest,broadleaved forest,mixed broadleaf-conifer forest,and masson pine forest)in Zhejiang Province as the research object,we set up sample plots with 30 m×30 min which hydrological effects of litter of plots was examined by soaking method,and hydrological effects of soil layer was investigated by cutting ring method.The results are as follows.The litter amounts of different forest types greatly varied from 10.14 t/hm2 to 25.07 t/hm2,and the litter amount decreased in the order:mixed broadleaf-conifer forest>broad-leaved forest>masson pine forest>Chinese fir forest>moso bamboo forest;the maximum water-holding capacity of litter ranged from 21.82 t/hm2 to 33.64 t/hm2,the maximum water-holding capacity decreased in the order:mixed broadleaf-conifer forest>broad-leaved forest>Chinese fir forest>masson pine forest>moso bamboo forest;the effective impoundment amount was between 16.8 t/hm2 and 24.84 t/hm2,and the effective impoundment amount decreased in the order:mixed broadleaf-conifer forest>Chinese fir forest>broad-leaved forest>masson pine forest> moso bamboo forest.The water-holding capacities of litter of the five types of forest increased and stabilized gradually with the increase of immersion time,which could be described by logarithmic function.Forest litter had the largest water absorption rate within the initial half hour,and waterabsorption rate declined sharply after 1 hour;with the increase of immersion time,the water absorption rate of litter tended to be consistent,and they presented the power function relationship;there were no significant differences in the soils of the 5 forest types in terms of soil bulk density,noncapillary porosity,porosity,and water-holding capacity,and the average soil water-holding capacity varied from 201.86 t/hm2 to296.63 t/hm2.In short,water-holding capacities of the broad-leaved forest and forest containing broadleaved tree species were higher than those of the coniferous forest.更多还原