【摘要】 【目的】为探究不同有机氮源和不同有机无机氮配比对丘陵旱地小麦产量和籽粒蛋白质品质的影响。【方法】于2017—2018年在西南丘陵区仁寿县进行,以中筋冬小麦品种川农30为材料,在不同施氮量(120、180 kg/hm~2)和不同种类有机肥(T1生物有机肥,T2普通有机肥)下,设置有机无机氮不同配比(R0为100%尿素、R25为25%有机肥+75%尿素,R50为50%有机肥+50%尿素,R75为75%有机肥+25%尿素,R100为100%有机肥)对小麦籽粒产量、蛋白质品质及氮肥偏生产力的影响。【结果】两个施氮量(120 kg/hm~2到180 kg/hm~2)下的籽粒产量、蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量差异不显著,增施氮肥(180 kg/hm~2)导致氮肥偏生产力显著降低;有机肥种类对产量、氮肥偏生产力和湿面筋含量无显著影响,但生物有机肥相较于普通有机肥显著提高蛋白质含量;单施普通有机肥、生物有机肥或单施化肥均不利于产量提升,有机氮与无机氮1∶1比例可显著提高穗数、穗粒数从而提高产量,但对蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和沉降值无显著影响。【结论】有机无机配施有利于丘陵旱地中强筋小麦产量品质协同提升,提高氮肥偏生产力,推荐施肥量及配比为120 kg/hm~2水平下有机氮∶无机氮=1∶1,有机氮源推荐使用生物有机肥。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chemical N and different organic fertilizer on yield,protein quality and partial factor productivity(PFP) of dry land winter wheat.【Method】Split plot experiment was conducted at Renshou experimental station,which is a typical hilly dry-land region of China. A good noodle-making cultivator Chuannong 30 was grown in the site with main factor included two chemical nitrogen application level(120 and 180 kg/hm~2) combined with two types of organic fertilizer(T1 bio-organic fertilizer and T2 common organic fertilizer). Five different fertilization ratios(R0 is 100% urea,R25 is 25% organic fertilizer+75% urea,R50 is 50% organic fertilizer+50% urea,R75 is 75% organic fertilizer+25% urea and R100 is 100% organic fertilizer) were used in this study.【Result】The nitrogen additions(120 kg/hm~2 and 180 kg/hm~2) did not affect the grain yield,protein content and wet gluten content,while the PFP was reduced by nitrogen additions. Organic fertilizer type had no significant effect on yield,PFP and wet gluten content but the bio-organic fertilizer increased protein content compared with common organic fertilizer. Bio-organic fertilizer,common organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer alone did not affect the yield. The chemical and organic N fertilizers applied with a ratio of 1∶1 increased the spikes and gains number per panicle and t grain yield,but did not affect the protein content,gluten index and wet gluten content.【Conclusion】The chemical and bio-organic N fertilizers applicated in an optimized ratio of 1∶1 have a great potential to improve the yield and grain quality of the good noodle-making cultivator in hilly dry land region of Southwest China.更多还原