【摘要】 中国传统村落蕴藏着丰富的历史文化信息与自然生态景观资源,进行传统村落景观基因识别可揭示传统村落景观的外在表达和内在特质,对中国传统文化的保护与传承具有重要意义。以潮汕传统村落为研究对象,构建村落景观基因识别指标体系,从建筑、形态布局、文化信仰方面分析潮汕传统村落景观基因特征。结果表明:潮汕传统村落主要是以单姓图腾形成宗族血缘关系为纽带的聚居村落,以祠堂为中心,中轴对称,聚集性、向心性突出;在形态基因上形成列式、组团式、集中式、厝包式、围合式5种空间形态布局类型;重宗法制度、信朴素自然观、多元信仰崇拜是潮汕传统村落文化景观基因的基本特征。研究以期为区域传统村落规划、人居环境建设,村落遗产保护与可持续开发利用提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese traditional villages contain abundant historical and cultural information,and should be regarded as natural ecological landscape resources. By identifying the gene recognition of village landscape,we can reveal its external expression and internal characteristics,which are of great significance to the protection and inheritance of Chinese traditional culture. In this paper,the traditional villages in Chaoshan are taken as the research subjects. Constructed with the index system of gene recognition of village landscape,the paper also analyzes the genetic characteristics of traditional villages in Chaoshan from three aspects: architecture,morphological layout and cultural beliefs. The results show that the traditional villages in Chaoshan are mainly settled villages linked by single-surname totem,forming through clan blood relationship,centered on ancestral halls,with symmetrical central axis,aggregation and centrality highlighting. For spatial morphological layout,five types are formed in morphological genes,i. e.,determinant,cluster,centralization,crouching and enclosure. In addition,the patriarchal system,the theory of belief in Fengshui and the worship of multiple beliefs are well inherited,considered as the basic characteristics of Chaoshan traditional cultural landscape genes. This paper has reference significance for regional traditional village planning,landscape design,human settlements environment construction,village heritage protection and sustainable development and utilization.更多还原