【摘要】 灌溉对冬小麦产量及水分利用效率影响的研究一般为定点小区试验,研究结果受时空差异、降水量等条件的限制,难以反映出不同地区与降雨水平下灌溉对冬小麦产量及水分利用效率影响的一般规律。以冬小麦为研究对象,对已发表的相关田间试验数据进行检索与整合,基于Meta分析方法定量研究灌溉对我国西北地区冬小麦产量与水分利用效率的影响。研究结果表明:在我国西北地区,灌溉条件下冬小麦产量较不灌溉平均提高27.9%(95%置信区间23.1%～32.8%),水分利用效率提高6.1%(置信区间0.1%～12.7%)。灌溉的累积平均增产率随灌溉定额逐渐增大,随灌溉定额的增加,累积增产率高达32.1%,累积相对水分利用效率变化率却减小至4.1%。不同降雨年型的亚组分析表明,灌溉条件下的冬小麦产量均得到显著提高,丰水年和枯水年的灌溉可提高冬小麦水分利用效率,但平水年内的灌溉使冬小麦水分利用效率降低。该研究结果可为我国西北地区冬小麦不同降雨年型下灌溉方案的科学制定提供参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effect of irrigation on yield and water use efficiency(WUE) of winter wheat is generally studied through a fixed-point plot experiment. The results are limited by space and time difference and precipitation. It is difficult to reflect the general law of the effect of irrigation on yield and WUE of winter wheat in different regions and different rainfall levels. In this study, winter wheat was taken as the research object, and the published field experimental data were retrieved and integrated. Based on Meta-analysis method, the effects of irrigation on winter wheat yield and WUE in Northwest China were studied quantitatively. The results show that the yield of winter wheat under irrigation increases by 27.9%(95% confidence interval 23.1%～32.8%) and WUE increases by 6.1%(confidence interval 0.1%～12.7%) than that of dry farming in Northwest China; with the increase of irrigation volumes, the cumulative average yield increase of irrigation is up to 32.1%, while the relative change rate of WUE decreases to 4.1%. Subgroup analysis of different rainfall years shows that the yield of winter wheat is significantly increased under irrigation conditions. Irrigation in wet and dry years can improve the WUE of winter wheat, but irrigation in normal years can reduce the WUE of winter wheat. The results can provide a reference for the scientific formulation of irrigation schemes for winter wheat in different rainfall years in Northwest China.更多还原