【摘要】 为揭示不同秸秆覆盖模式抑制土壤水分蒸发的效果,通过室内模拟试验,对双层秸秆不同层位覆盖下土壤水分蒸发过程进行了研究。试验设置秸秆单层覆盖埋深80 mm (CK)、上层埋深0 mm下层埋深300 mm秸秆双层覆盖(C1)、上层埋深80 mm下层埋深220 mm秸秆双层覆盖(C2)、上层埋深80 mm下层埋深300 mm秸秆双层覆盖(C3)、上层埋深80 mm下层埋深380 mm秸秆双层覆盖(C4) 5种模式,结果表明:不同覆盖模式下,蒸发量显著不同,实验数据显示蒸发过程可分为3段,1～10、11～18、19～24 d的规律分别为CK>C4>C2>C1>C3、CK>C1>C4>C3>C2、C2>C1>CK>C4>C3。CK的累积蒸发量为3.154 2 kg,与CK相比C1、C2、C3、C4处理的抑蒸率分别为2%、3.97%、8.6%、2.3%。综合分析来看,双层秸秆覆盖较单层秸秆可有效减小土壤水分蒸发。可得不同层位秸秆埋深对土壤累计蒸发的抑制作用由大到小排列为:C3>C2>C4>C1>CK。在整个蒸发过程中,不同秸秆覆盖下土壤水分累积蒸发量与时间的关系符合Y=a x~b。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to reveal the effect of different straw mulching modes on soil water evaporation, the soil water evaporation process under different layers of double-layer straw mulching was studied through laboratory simulation experiment. The experiment set 5 models of straw single-layer covering buried depth of 80 mm(CK), upper layer buried depth of 0 mm and lower layer buried depth of 300 mm(C1), upper layer buried depth of 80 mm and lower layer buried depth of 220 mm(C2), upper layer buried depth of 80 mm and lower layer buried depth of 300 mm(C3), upper layer buried depth of 80 mm and lower layer buried depth of 380 mm(C4). The results showed that: under different coverage modes, the evaporation capacity was significantly different. The experiment data showed that the evaporation process could be divided into three stages: 1～10, 11～18, and 19～24 d. The rank order from large to small is CK, C4, C2, C1, C3, C1 for 1-10 d stage, CK, C1, C4, C3, C2 for 11 d～18 d stage, and C2, C1,CK,C4,C3 for 19～24 d stage. The cumulative evaporation capacity of CK was 3.154 2 kg. Compared with CK, the inhibition rate of C1, C2, C3 and C4 was 2%, 3.97%, 8.6% and 2.3%, respectively. According to the comprehensive analysis, double-layer straw mulching can effectively reduce soil moisture evaporation compared with single-layer straw mulching. It can be obtained that the inhibitory effect of straw burial depth at different layers on soil cumulative evaporation is ranked from large to small as follows: C3, C2, C4, C1, CK. During the whole evaporation process, the relationship between soil moisture cumulative evaporation and time under different straw mulching conditions conforms to Y=a x~b.更多还原