【摘要】 肿瘤生物标志物可以实现对癌症的早期诊断,监测肿瘤的发展和预后.随着高通量测序技术的发展,各种类型的核酸被发现与肿瘤的发生发展相关,可作为核酸肿瘤标志物,而且它们对癌症的早期诊断有着重要意义.由于核酸大都具有不稳定性、表达的动态性和低丰度等特点,因此快速灵敏并特异地检测该类肿瘤标志物就显得尤为重要.电化学生物传感器作为一类快速发展的检测方法能够满足这些需求.与传统的检测方法相比,电化学分析法彰显高效、灵敏、简便等优点,而且电化学检测设备装置轻便、廉价且易于微型化和集成化.近年来,用于检测核酸的电化学生物传感器取得了相当大的发展,在精准医疗中具有潜在的应用前景.本文从各种类型的核酸肿瘤标志物入手,介绍检测核酸标志物的电化学传感器在近年来的发展情况,特别是对电化学传感器体系中的探针设计和信号放大策略两个方面进行重点介绍.更多还原

【Abstract】 The detection of tumor biomarkers can result in early diagnosis and monitoring of the development and prognosis of cancer. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, various types of nucleic acids have been identified to be associated with tumorigenesis and tumor progression. These nucleic acids can be used as tumor biomarkers and play an important role in the early diagnosis of cancer. Because most nucleic acids have the characteristics of instability, dynamic expression, and low abundance, it is particularly important to detect these types of tumor markers quickly, sensitively, and specifically. Electrochemical biosensor technology is a fast-developing method that meets these requirements. Compared with the traditional detection methods,electrochemical detection has attracted more attention due to its high efficiency, sensitivity, and simplicity. Moreover, the detection equipment is portable, cheap, and easily miniaturized and integrated. Recently, electrochemical biosensors for nucleic acid detection have made considerable advances and have demonstrated their potential application in precision medicine. This review focuses on various types of nucleic acid tumor biomarkers and summarizes the latest progress achieved in recent years in developing electrochemical sensors for detecting nucleic acid markers, with an emphasis on the probe design and signal amplification strategies in electrochemical sensor systems.更多还原