【摘要】 为探究闽江上游土地利用方式对溪流沉积物磷的分布及潜在释放能力的影响,利用IVANOFF法,重点研究闽江上游不同流域沉积物有机磷形态及其空间分布特征,探讨沉积物的理化性质对有机磷(OP)形态含量分布的影响.结果表明:①建溪和沙溪流域的沉积物总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)含量要高于富屯溪流域,这应与建溪和沙溪流域附近农田和居民区较多、富屯溪流域周围多以林地为主有关;②3个流域沉积物中TN含量及建溪和富屯溪流域沉积物中的TP含量均有上游<中游<下游的规律,显然是溪流上游多山地、林地,而中下游人类活动多造成的;③3个流域沉积物有机磷形态都以非活性有机磷(NLOP)为主,表明闽江上游总体受外源污染影响较小,其形态相对比例在不同流域的沉积物中的变化较大,而在同一河流的不同地段中变化则较小;④沉积物的理化性质对有机磷形态与分布有明显影响,其中有机质(OM)、TP和TN的影响最为明显,但对不同流域沉积物的影响程度存在差异.因此,为保障闽江上游水质,应加强对流域附近的生活污染源及农业污染源的控制.更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the effect of land use pattern on phosphorus distribution and the potential release capacity of stream sediment in the upper Minjiang River,this paper presented organic phosphorus forms and their spatial distribution characteristics of sediments in the upper Minjiang River by using the IVANOFF method and discussing the effects of physicochemical properties of sediments on the distribution of organic phosphorus forms. The results show that: ①nitrogen and phosphorus contents of sediments in Jianxi and Shaxi catchments are higher than those in the Futunxi catchment,probably related to the large number of farmland runoff and municipal sewage near the Jianxi and Shaxi catchments and the large forest area around the Futunxi catchment; ② contents in the sediments from three catchments and TP contents in the sediments from Jianxi and Futunxi catchments showed the order of upper reaches < middle reaches < lower reaches,which may be caused by the mountainous and forested areas in the upper reaches and the intensive human activities in the middle and lower reaches; ③nitrogen phosphorus in sediments of the three catchments were mainly non-active organic phosphorus,which indicated that upper reaches of the Minjiang river were generally less affected by external pollution,and the relative proportion of organic phosphorus in the sediments of different catchments was relatively large,while the change in different sections of the same river was relatively small; ④physicochemical properties of sediments had a significant impact on the morphology and distribution of organic phosphorus,among which the effects of organic matter,TP,and TN were the most obvious,but the effects on sediments in different river basins were different. Therefore,to protect the water quality of the upper Minjiang River,it is necessary to strengthen the control of the living and agricultural pollution sources near the catchments.更多还原