【摘要】 乳头秩序为影响哺乳仔猪生产性能的重要因素,其稳定程度为评价哺乳期仔猪乳头秩序的重要指标。试验选取胎次、体况相近待产民猪母猪、大白猪母猪各30头,将每品种母猪随机分成人工固定乳头组(15头)和自由选择乳头组(15头),人工固定乳头组将体重较小仔猪固定至母猪前部乳头吮乳、体重较大仔猪固定至母猪后部乳头吮乳,探究各组仔猪乳头秩序建立过程及其生产性能。结果表明,人工固定组仔猪哺乳初期乳头竞争水平低于自由选择组,建立稳定乳头秩序所需时间和哺乳次数均极显著低于自由选择组(P<0.01);民猪建立稳定乳头秩序所需时间少于大白猪(P>0.05)。人工固定组民猪仔猪21日龄窝重、体重、增重、断奶仔猪均匀度及成活率均显著高于自由选择组(P<0.05);人工固定组大白猪仔猪21日龄、断奶体重、增重及窝重均显著高于自由选择组(P<0.05);民猪、大白猪人工固定组仔猪腹泻频率显著低于自由选择组(P<0.05)。可见,人工固定乳头可降低仔猪乳头竞争水平,缩短乳头秩序建立时间,提高母猪泌乳力、仔猪成活率和生产性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 The teat order of piglets is an important factor affecting the growth performance of suckling piglets, and the stability of the establishment of teat order is an important index to evaluate the teat order of lactating piglets. Total 30 Minpig and 30 Large White pregnancy sows with similar parity and body condition were selected in this study. The managed teat group(n=15) and the natural selected teat group by piglets(n=15) in each breed sows were randomly assigned. The low weight piglets were managed to the front nipples of the sows, and the high weight piglets were managed to the back nipples of the sows, in order to investigate the establishment of teat order and growth performance of piglets in the different groups. The results showed that the piglets in managed teat group had lower teat competition than those in natural selected teat group, and the time for establishment teat order and nursing frequency were extremely significant lower than those of natural selected nipple group(P<0.01);The Minpig piglets had less time for establishment teat order than Large White piglets(P>0.05). The Minpig managed teat group 21 st litter weight, weight, gain weight, weaned piglets uniformity and survival rate of weaned piglets were significantly higher than the group of natural selected teat(P<0.05). The Large White managed teat group 21 st weight, weaning weight, gain weight and litter weight were significantly higher than the group of natural selected teat(P<0.05). The diarrhea frequency in managed teat group was significantly lower than that in natural selected teat(P<0.05). The results indicated that managing teat could reduce the level of teat competition, shorten the time for establishment teat order and improve the lactating abilities of sows, the survival rate and growth performance of piglets.更多还原