【摘要】 禾草与内生真菌共生不仅会增强禾草的抗逆性,提升宿主农艺性状,还会对食草动物的取食产生影响。内生真菌可以对植物地上性状及地下环境和地下生物产生重要影响。研究发现,内生真菌可以通过改变凋落物的分解速率、根系化学物质的释放、根际沉积物的数量和种类来影响地下环境和生物多样性。内生真菌与禾草共生对于土壤的物理、化学特性以及生物学多样性都会产生影响,并且因禾草的种类、内生真菌菌株和土壤类型等的不同而异。对物理特性的影响主要集中在土壤团聚体结构的影响上,而化学成分的影响主要体现在土壤碳氮量的改变,生物多样性主要包括土壤微生物和动物。本文回顾了禾草–内生真菌共生体对土壤理化性质和功能的响应,目的是阐明宿主土壤生境中共生体和微生物之间相互作用的机制及其功能,为发掘、开发新的禾草–内生真菌共生体以及使用新型禾草–内生真菌共生体来改变土壤微环境提供理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Grass-endophyte symbiosis can promote plant resistance for adversities, enhances agronomic traits, as well as reduces the feeding of herbivores. Underground processes are mainly altered through litter decomposition dynamics and roots exuding organic compounds that influence the underground biological processes. The effect of grass-endophyte symbiosis on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties and processes varies depending on the type of grass,endophyte strain, and soil type. The effects on the physical properties of soil mainly relate to soil structure, and the effects on soil chemical composition are mainly reflected in the changes to soil carbon and nitrogen. The effects on soil biology were mainly observed in soil fungi, gram-negative bacteria, and nematodes. In this paper we reviewed the responses of grassendophyte symbiosis on soil properties and functions to elucidate the mechanisms of interactions between grasses and microorganisms in the host soil habitat and their functions, to generate new knowledge for the discovery and development of novel endophytic grass cultivars. The aims are to(1) elucidate the mechanism and function of interaction between symbionts and microorganisms in host soil habitats,(2) to identify and develop novel grass-endophytic fungi symbionts and(3) to utilize these to alter the soil microenvironment, providing a theoretical basis for the discovery and development of new grassendophytic fungal symbionts and the use of new grass-endophytic fungi symbiosis to change the soil microenvironment.更多还原