【摘要】 为研究突然扩散水跃方程的特性,根据动量守恒原理,在回流区平均水深作为代表水深的假设下,推导了突然扩散水跃的一般方程。在改进了回流区平均水深具体表达式的基础上,得到了突然扩散水跃的新方程,并给出了有关参数的确定方法。将已有的和改进的突然扩散水跃方程求得的共轭水深比与试验结果进行了比较,结果表明:不同突扩比时改进后的方程求得的共轭水深比与试验结果的平均相对误差和最大相对误差最小,计算精度最高;且改进后的方程具有显式解,计算方便。因此,改进后的方程可用于突然扩散水跃共轭水深的水力设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this paper is to make an improvement on hydraulic jump equation in abruptly expanding channel and compare it with the experimental results of predecessors. Under the assumption that average water depth in the backflow region is taken as representative water depth, the general equation of hydraulic jump in abruptly expanding channel is derived according to the principle of momentum conservation. On the basis of improving the concrete expression of the average water depth in the backflow region, a new equation for hydraulic jump in abruptly expanding channel is obtained, and a method for determining the parameters in the equation is given. The conjugate depth ratios obtained by existing equations and the present improved equation are compared with the experimental results. The comparison demonstrates that the average error and the maximum error between the conjugate depth ratio obtained by the present improved equation and the experimental results are the smallest and the accuracy is the highest in the presence of varying expansion ratio of channel. In addition, the present equation is convenient for calculation with explicit solution. Therefore, we recommend the improved equation for hydraulic design of conjugate water depth of hydraulic jump in abruptly expanding channel.更多还原