【摘要】 通过分析外界条件与内部结构变化对畜禽粪便堆肥过程中有机肥腐熟进行研究。分别以牛粪、鸡粪和猪粪为畜禽粪便堆肥的原料开始堆肥试验,分析了温度、含水量、氧气含量对畜禽粪便堆肥腐熟度的影响,同时分析畜禽粪便堆肥过程微生物数量变化情况。结果表明,鸡粪堆肥最佳温度大约为70℃,最佳含水量为48.6%,最佳含氧量为56 kPa;牛粪堆肥最佳温度大约为78℃,最佳含水量为59.8%,最佳含氧量为89 kPa;猪粪堆肥最佳温度大约为69℃,最佳含水量为50.0%,最佳含氧量为45 kPa;猪粪中存在大量耐高温的放线菌;牛粪的真菌数高于其他2种畜禽粪便的真菌数,牛粪中具有更多的耐高温真菌,可以在高温中存活,来降解纤维素。3种畜禽粪便堆肥的温度与细菌、真菌、放线菌均为正相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 We studied the ageing of organic fertilizer during composting of livestock and poultry manure by analyzing external conditions and internal structural changes.The composting experiment was started with cow dung,chicken manure and pig manure as raw materials for livestock and poultry manure composting,the effects of temperature,water content and oxygen content on compost maturity of livestock and poultry manure were analyzed.At the same time,the changes of microbial quantity in the composting process of livestock and poultry were analyzed.The results showed that the optimal temperature for composting of chicken manure was about 70 ℃,the optimum water content was 48.6%,and the optimum oxygen content was 56 kPa.The optimum temperature for composting of cow dung was about 78 ℃,the optimum water content was 59.8%,and the optimum oxygen content was 89 kPa.The optimum temperature for composting of pig manure was about 69 ℃,the optimum water content was 50.0%,and the optimum oxygen content was 45 kPa.There were a large number of high temperature resistant actinomycetes in pig manure; the number of fungi in cow dung was higher than that in the other two kinds of livestock and poultry manure,and there were more high temperature resistant fungi in cow dung,which can survive at high temperature to degrade cellulose.The temperature in composting of three kinds of livestock and poultry manure was positively correlated with bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes.更多还原