【作者】 侯波；

【导师】 陈荫三；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 公路基础设施建设是发展交通运输的基础,对保障国民经济持续健康快速发展,改善人民生活具有十分重要的作用。近十多年来,以高速公路为代表的我国公路基础设施总体水平实现了历史性跨越,其发展速度令世界瞩目。随着我国公路建设规模迅猛扩张和投资额快速增加,尤其是公路建设逐步向山区、丘陵地区延伸,跨海大桥、长大隧道的记录不断被刷新的同时也意味着工程造价指标的跳跃,同时随着征地拆迁费用、原材料等要素价格的上涨,公路建设成本不断上升,加之目前我国公路工程造价确定方法不合理,控制模式不完善,管理体系不科学,更加导致了公路工程造价失控现象愈演愈烈,并直接带来投资效益降低、社会成本增加、政府公信力减弱等一系列问题。构建完善的公路工程造价管理体系,实现合理地确定造价,有效地控制造价已成为保证我国公路建设持续、健康、快速发展的重大课题。本文针对现阶段我国公路工程造价的确定方法、控制模式不适应建设发展新形势,管理体系不适应社会主义市场经济体制改革不断深入的要求,从理论研究、综合分析、实践应用三个层面建立一个全新的、系统的、有针对性的公路工程造价确定方法,控制模式和管理体系。首先,以价格基本原理为基础,从理论上明确公路工程造价的内涵、特征、构成及类型等基本情况,并深入分析工程计价模式的原理及形成机制、控制机制等基本问题；第二,论述了我国公路工程造价管理发展的历史沿革、发展特点、体制现状、管理程序及存在问题,系统归纳整理了目前国外以美国、日本、香港为典型代表的成熟市场经济国家及地区的公路工程管理体制、管理内容、控制机制及主要特点,并深入分析比较国内外公路工程管理体系的差异,总结我国现阶段造价管理中的不足,提出适合我国国情的公路工程造价管理改革的发展方向；第三,从以概预算定额体系下的投资决策、设计两阶段的主要特点、存在问题入手,围绕合理确定工程造价这个核心问题,从管理和应用技术两个层面提出了具有针对性、可操作性强的措施和方法,提出将历史工程造价信息进行横向全方位比较作为确定新工程项目造价的参考,并介绍了《公路工程造价管理信息系统》的总体设计框架、关键技术及应用前景；第四,以工程量清单体系下的招投标、施工、竣工决算三个阶段的主要特点、影响因素入手,围绕有效控制工程造价这个核心问题,提出工程实施中管控的主要环节,最后提出建立纵向全过程的“五对应一平台”的控制模式,解决了五个造价环节分裂在概预算定额与工程量清单两个体系无法比较的问题,实现了公路工程造价全过程控制,并为新模式的实施提出建议。本论文的研究为合理确定和有效控制公路工程造价及造价管理体系改革提供了参考和借鉴,对构建节约型交通,实现低费用、高效率的集约型发展模式,保证公路建设目标顺利实现具有现实的指导作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Road infrastructure is the basis for the development of transportation, the protection of sustained healthy and rapid development, improving people’s lives plays an important role. Over the past decade, to highway represented the overall level of road infrastructure in China has achieved a historic leap in the speed of its development attracted worldwide attention. With the rapid expansion of the scale of highway construction and the rapid increase in investment, especially in highway construction phase to the mountain, hilly area of extension, Bridge, Tunnel records constantly being refreshed also means construction cost index jump at the same time With the cost of land requisition and removal, raw material prices and other factors, the rising cost of road construction, plus the cost of highway projects in China to determine the current method is unreasonable, inadequate control mode, scientific management system, more road construction cost control led to the phenomenon of more and more serious brought directly reduce investment returns, social costs, reduced credibility of the government and other issues. Construction of a sound road construction cost management system, to achieve a reasonable cost to identify and effectively control the cost of highway construction in China has become the guarantee continuous, healthy and rapid development of a major issue.In this paper, China’s highway construction cost at this stage method of determining the control mode not meet the new situation of building and development management system suitable for socialist market economic system continued to depth requirements, from the theoretical research, comprehensive analysis, practical application of the three levels of the establishment of a The new system, targeted road project cost method of determining the control mode and management system. First, the basic principles of price, based on a clear road project cost from the theory of meaning, characteristics, composition and type of basic information, and in-depth analysis of engineering principles of valuation models and formation mechanism, control mechanism, the basic problem; the second discusses the China’s highway construction cost management development to the history and development characteristics, institutional status, management procedures and problems, collate and analyze the current system, foreign to the United States, Japan, Hong Kong is represented in a mature market economy countries and regions of the highway project management system manage content, control mechanisms and the key features and in-depth analysis and comparison of domestic and international differences in highway construction management system, summed up China’s current lack of cost management, make an Appropriate highway project cost management reform direction; Third, to budget estimate under the system of fixed investment decisions, two phases of the main features of the design, problems start, determine cost around the core issue, from the management and application of technological levels proposed specific, workable measures and methods, and proposed to the historical project cost information for comparison as horizontal full cost of new projects to determine the reference, and describes the "Highway Construction Cost Management Information System" design framework, key technologies and application prospects; Fourth, Quantities under the bidding system, construction, completion of final accounts of the main features of the three phases, the influence factors, and effective control over the core issue of project cost, proposed project implementation control of key areas, and finally proposed the establishment of the whole process of vertical" 5 corresponds to a platform "control mode, to resolve a five-part split the cost with the budget estimate of quantities of fixed system can not compare the two issues, to achieve the whole process of highway project cost control, and implementation of the new recommendations.The present study to determine reasonable and effective control of highway construction costs and cost management system provides a reference for the reform of frugal transportation, low-cost, high efficiency of intensive development model, to ensure the smooth realization of road construction with realistic goals guiding role.更多还原