【作者】 沃耘；

【导师】 杨震；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 民商法学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 权利的自我保护与实现缘于权利主体的本能反应,对于自助行为,应当在不扰乱整个秩序的基础上进行适当的干涉与控制,并在一定程度上防止那些可能导致非正义结果的力量,即通过限制自助行为的滥用来实现法律秩序价值与正义价值的统一。我国未来《民法典·总则编》中应设定请求权自助的一般规则,还应在原权利法律制度中构建绝对权保护与实现中的自助行为。自助行为制度化是通过一般性规则与类型化相结合来完成的。民事自助行为在民法典中的具体制度构建应在尽量节约立法成本的基础上实现体系化、精细化。其中,物权自助体现为所有权、占有、担保物权、不动产相邻权保护与实现中的自助行为；债权自助则应从债权权能的互动关系为出发点,创建或完善紧迫性债权自助、对债务人有容忍义务反抗行为的排除、债权留置等具体债权自助行为规则；自助行为有助于侵权责任法功能的全面实现,应将其与正当防卫、紧急避险共同列为侵权责任免责事由。厘清民事自助与刑事自救的内涵与外延是实现私力救济法律化进程中不可忽略的关键环节；将自助行为导入民事执行程序是完成民事实体法与程序法相关制度对接的必经途径。完善的民事自助行为法律制度将为解决我国劳动关系、环境保护等领域相关问题提供新的思路和必要的制度对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 The self-protection and realization of the rights is due to subjects’instinct. Self-help behaviors should be given the appropriate intervention and conformity without disturbing the society order. At the same time, the power which might lead to injustice should be prevented. That is to say, the unity of law order and justice value can be achieved by means of limiting the abuse use of self-help behaviors. We should set general rules of self-help in the system of claim in’Chinese Civil Code·General Part’. Moreover, the self-help behaviors system of absolute right should be built in the original right institution. Institutionalization of self-help behaviors is accomplished on the basis of combination of general rules and classification. The construction of concrete self-help behaviors system must be systematic and explicit as far as possible on the basis of cost-saving in legislation. Specifically, self-help behaviors of property include self-protection and self-realization of property ownership, possession, security interests, and neighborhood right. As the starting point of the interaction of claim self-empowerment, the institutionalization of claim self-help behaviors, urgent claim self-help, claim-lien etc. should be approved. And the creditor will be entitled to prohibit the resistance behavior of legal tolerance obligation. The self-help behaviors system can contribute to the full realization of Tort Liability Act functions, and it should be co-listed with the self-defense and emergency as grounds exemption. To clarify and extents the connotation of civil and criminal self-help is the key point of the achievement in private power relief legal process. It is the necessary means docking the civil substantive law and the relevant system of procedural law to conduct self-help behavior into civil enforcement procedure. Improvement of self-help behaviors system will provide the new ideas and the necessary response systems to resolve the problems on labor relations and environmental protection in our country.更多还原