【作者】 朱丽峰；

【导师】 彭向刚；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 行政管理， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 互联网的发展带来我国公共领域结构的重大调整,依托互联网而兴起的网络民意成为我国公共领域的重要力量,并对我国政府的管理理念、管理行为、管理效能、管理能力等方面带来了重大挑战,成为影响我国政府管理的重要因素。然而政府对网络民意所带来的变化无所适从,政府对网络民意的消极认知和不当作为严重影响了政府的形象,动摇着政府权威和政府公信力。因此,面对不断兴盛的网络民意,政府应该变被动应对为主动回应。以大胆迎纳的认知心态,转变对网络民意的基本态度;以科学引领的智慧技巧,打造网上官民良性互动的机制;以积极主动的行为选择,改变政府应对的被动局面。唯有如此不懈地努力,才能不断提高政府应对网络民意的能力,实现民意与权力的成功衔接,提升社会治理与社会和谐的水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Accompany with the development of internet technology and increasing of population online, the passion of participation in and deliberation of state affairs for netizen and improvement of right consciousness for social individuals. Network is not only the important channel to know public affairs, express their own rights and interests, supervise the government behaviors, but also an important pathway to let the servants keep the abreast of the public feelings, concern the public opinion, gather the public wisdom and develop the public power. The public opinion on internet is still at an initial stage, however, it has become an assignable social power, which not only to influence the individual public situation but also to change the administrative model of China governments dramatically. From inquiring the politics for the People at NPC &CPPCC, the public feelings directly reach Zhongnanhai, to prevalence of public opinion investigation on network and dredging of servants’BLOG, the network commentators emerges, and to collection of public sentiments on network and establishment of publish system, government spokesman on network turns up. To accompany with the new phenomenon on network is too much to accept accompany, doubt, puzzling, debating and anxious about public opinion on network emerges. Thus, it is such meaningful for its healthy development, giving it play an important role on government decision and reform, that to concern the public opinion on network, stand on our reality and realize its function.Put public sphere as the research scope, public opinion on network as the research theme, its role position, functional position, value position, behavioral choice between the social public and the organ of state power and the chain of the public opinion with power in the public sphere on network were discussed. Value choice and behavior choice in the sphere were researched, negative attitude and misbehaviors were investigated and checked for the construction of the optimum interaction mechanism between government and netizens.Take the concept of the public sphere defined by Habermas as the view and analytical frame, the traditional public sphere in China was discussed and analyzed from maladjustment of the factors such as subject, public opinion, intermediary, etc. The structural maladjustment deviated from Habermas’s original intension. Furthermore, network is becoming the new platform of public discussion as its emergence and development. And its freedom, open, and equality have attracted the much more public to participate in. As a new pattern of public sphere, the public sphere on network is forming gradually, and changing the basic construction of traditional public sphere, having shaping the equal conservation between the common people and elicits and rational critique towards the public organs, winning the ability and place of conversation with the state for the public.At the beginning of the public opinion on network, it steps into the social management and public affairs continually, and its influence scope expands further with the enhancement of interaction together with internet and mobile phone network, its situation of conversation with state and government was consolidated. The validity and rationality of the public power organs of state was surveyed continually by the public opinion on network, traditional subject construction to express the public opinion was optimized, and choice mechanism was changed, communication channel was expanded, output intensity was strengthen, and the soar of the public subjectivity and uplift of participate passion were brought.As a new social phenomenon, first of all, dividing line of netizens emerges gradually, the systematization of its social behaviors improve continuously, so does its social concerns, however, the pattern of interaction between servants and the public don’t form. On the contrast, it is common that non-ration of expression of the public opinion on network, and it caused the expression’s randomness, falsity, speculation,“group polarization”,“tyranny of the majority”,“digital divide”. The emotions of“resentment of the rich and servants”are full of the netizens, even restless with anxiety, and drain rush. These threatened the governmental authority, and impacted the administrative ideas, such as“people-central idea”,“official-cored idea”, and“enclosure-politics idea”. To face the improper of governmental behaviors, profligacy of servants, omission of function performed; to survey the rationality of public decision, validity of policy carried out, guidance of main-stream public opinion; to test the governmental abilities of social-controlling, social-coordinating, public service, public opinion absorbing, et cetera.Facing the administrative changes brought by the public opinion on network, the government and its servants are at loose ends, and deal with the opinion passively by the ways of power, blocking, fawn, walking through. These improper behaviors violated the basic principle of the service government, influenced on the good image of modern government, fluctuated the administrative validities, authority and publicity, and were worse to the social steady and harmony.Thus, facing to the prosperity of the public opinion on network, the government should respond actively instead of passively. To change the governmental basic attitude to the public opinion, explicit the basic principles and targets to deal with it to take the brave accept as the mentality. And to take the wisdom technology as the scientific guidance, it was established that interact mechanism between the servant and the common people, select mechanism for the public opinion, response mechanism, standard mechanism of guidance and mode culture mechanism. To take the active as the behavior choice, governmental behavior pattern was changed, politics on the people’s livelihood were formulated, and the quality of servant was trained to change the passive situation. So the ability of response for the public opinion on network was improved gradually, it was achieved that the integration of information publish with network interact, the integration of analysis with practice, the integration of expression and standard guidance, the integration of the public opinion on network with non-network, and the successful connection of the public opinion with power was reached.Innovation of the paper was: the relationship between the public power and private rights run through the paper, the basic concept of the public opinion on network was researched systematically, the rational value was analyzed from many dimensions, incline of behavior and abnormal psychology in the process of its expression were resolved at the certain content, the challenges of publicity, authority and validity of the government from it were discussed systematically, the systematic mechanism to deal with it was searched, the harmonious relationship and the interactive optimum mechanism of administration with it. It was instructive to explicit the attitude for the public opinion on network, utilize the internet to improve the quality and efficiency of communication of the government with public, norm and guide it to lead to ration, and identify the boundary of administrative interference. The academic circle’s flaws on its research were recovered. It is just the original purpose to dedicate to systematic construction, and give some theoretical reference for the further research.更多还原